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science > 26 V2 > Flashcards

26 V2 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

define rocks

A

a naturally forming containing minerals rock fragments and volcanic glass

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2
Q

how are rocks identified

A

by their composite texture

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3
Q

what does the texture of a rock describe about a rock

A

size shape and arrangement

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4
Q

where do intrusive igneous rocks from

A

within the earths crust

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5
Q

what type of molten rock does intrusive igneous rocks form from

A

magma

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6
Q

what is the name of the series that illustrates simultaneous crystallization of silicate minerals

A

bowen´s reaction series

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7
Q

what are 3 types of magma

A

mafic, intermediate felsic

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8
Q

which magma type has a low silicate content

A

mafic

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9
Q

which magma has a high silicate magma

A

felsic

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10
Q

what type of crust has an abundant amount of quartz

A

oceanic crust deep continental

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11
Q

which type of crust has a little to no quartz

A

oceanic

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12
Q

which type of igneous rock has a coarse grained texture

A

intrusive

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13
Q

which type of igneous rock has a fine grained texture

A

extrusive

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14
Q

do fine grained rocks cool slowly or quickly

A

quickly

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15
Q

what are the two species texture types for extrusive igneous rock

A

vesicular and porferetic

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16
Q

which texture is the type with holes left behind because of rapid cooling

A

vesicular

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17
Q

which texture is the type with two different crystal sizes because of different cooling rates

A

porferetic

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18
Q

what type of rock has a vascular (holey) texture

A

pumice

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19
Q

define clast

A

small rocks and other fragments

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20
Q

`what types of erosion are rocks on earths surface exposed to

A

water wind and other forces

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21
Q

what does it mean if clasts are being transported

A

changing the location of clasts they often become rounded

22
Q

what does it mean if clasts are being deposited

A

mechanical weathering breaks down rocks into clasts

23
Q

define pore space

A

empty space inbetween grains

24
Q

define compact

A

clasts stick together due to weight of overlying material

25
Q

define cementation

A

minerals crystallizing in the spaces between clasts

26
Q

how are sedimentary rocks form

A

through compaction and cementation

27
Q

what is another name for clasts

A

detrital

28
Q

what are sedimentary rocks called that are mostly made of clasts

A

detrital sedimentary rock

29
Q

what is the decreasing size of clasts

A

how it was transported

30
Q

which clast size would be deposited first

A

gravel sand silt or clay

31
Q

what are 4 common detrital sedimentary rocks

A

breccia sandstone siltstone and shale

31
Q

how are chemical sedimentary rocks formed

A

from water that contains dissolved solids

32
Q

if sedimentary rocks contain remains of living organisms what are they called

A

biochemical sedimentary rocks

33
Q

what are 2 common biochemical sedimentary rocks

A

coal and limestone

34
Q

what are 3 types of sedimentary rock

A

biochemical, chemical, and detrital

35
Q

metamorphic rock is changed by a combination of which 3 things

A

heat pressure or chemical reactions

36
Q

which types of rocks can be changes by metamorphism

A

igneous sedimentary or metamorphic

37
Q

what is it called when metamorphic changes in rocks occur over a large area

A

regional metamorphism

38
Q

what is it called when metamorphosis in a small area

A

contact

39
Q

when shale is compressed which type of metamorphic rock are

A

slate

40
Q

define foliated textures

A

foliate and non foliate

40
Q

define foliated textures

A

have crystals that are arranged

41
Q

define non foliated

A

have crystals with more random orientations

42
Q

metamorphic rocks are mainly classified based on which two things

A

composition and texture

43
Q

define rock cycle

A

continual change of rocks from one type of another

44
Q

what type of rocks form from pressure

A

metamorphic rock

45
Q

which type of rocks are part of the rock cycle

A

all rock type

46
Q

what are the three types of rocks

A

igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic

47
Q

which type of rocks form from molten rock

A

igneous

48
Q

which types of rock form from clasts, precipitation or compressed once living matter

A

sedimentary

49
Q

which types of rocks are formed from heat pressure and chemical reactions

A

metamorphic

50
Q

what can form from hot water evaporation or molten rock

A

minerals

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