2.6 The Pharynx Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Pharynx?

A

A Fibromuscular Tube that is important in swallowing and breathing

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2
Q

What are the 3 parts of the Pharynx?

A
  1. The Nasopharynx
  2. The Oropharynx
  3. The Laryngopharynx
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3
Q

What is the roof of the Nasopharynx formed by?

A

The Sphenoid Bone and the Occipital Bone

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4
Q

Where does the (Laryngo)Pharynx lie in relation to the Larynx?

A

Posterosuperior

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5
Q

During swallowing, what prevents the Bolus from entering the Nasopharynx?

A

The elevation of the Soft Palate

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6
Q

During swallowing, what prevents the Bolus from entering the Larynx?

A

The Epiglottis

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7
Q

What are the 3 layers of the Pharynx?

A
  1. The Outer, Muscular Layer
  2. The Middle, Fibrous Layer
  3. The Inner Mucous Membrane
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8
Q

What does the Outer Muscular Layer of the Pharynx comprise of?

A
  1. The Outer Circular Layer

2. The Inner Longitudinal Layer

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9
Q

What are the 3 Constrictor Muscles of the Outer Circular Layer, of the Outer Muscular Layer, of the Pharynx?

A
  1. Superior Constrictor Muscle
  2. Middle Constrictor Muscle
  3. Inferior Constrictor Muscle
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10
Q

What are the 3 Muscles which form the Inner Longitudinal Layer, of the Outer Muscular Layer, of the Pharynx?

A
  1. Stylopharyngeus
  2. Salpingopharyngeus
  3. Palatopharyngeus
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11
Q

What is the function of the Middle, Fibrous Layer of the Pharynx?

A

It merges with the deep fascia of the muscles and fills in the gaps between the muscles

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12
Q

What innervates the Pharynx?

A

The Pharyngeal Plexus

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13
Q

Branches of which 2 Cranial Nerves form the Pharyngeal Plexus?

A
  1. The Glossopharyngeal Nerve (Cranial Nerve IX)

2. The Vagus Nerve (Cranial Nerve X)

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14
Q

Which Nerve of the Pharyngeal Plexus provides Sensory innervation to the Pharynx?

A

The Glossopharyngeal Nerve (Cranial Nerve IX)

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15
Q

Which Nerve provides most of the Motor innervation to the Pharynx?

A

The Vagus Nerve

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16
Q

What is the role played by the Constrictor Muscles of the Pharynx during Swallowing?

A

These contract involuntarily (from Superior to Inferior) ensuring the Bolus travels in the correct direction

17
Q

What is the role played by the Longitudinal Muscles of the Pharynx during Swallowing?

A

These contract elevating the Larynx and shortening the Pharynx

18
Q

What is the role played by the Tongue and Palate during Swallowing?

A

These push the Bolus to the Pharynx so it can be successfully Swallowed

19
Q

What is the Pharyngeal Lymphoid Ring?

A

This is a collection of Lymphoid Tissue that protects the entrance to the Oropharynx

20
Q

What is the purpose of having the Pharyngeal Lymphoid Ring in this location?

A

It acts as a first line of defense against infection

21
Q

What can repeat infection of the Pharyngeal Lymphoid Collections call for?
Note: This is especially common in children

A

This can cause for their surgical removal, either a Tonsillectomy or an Adenoidectomy

22
Q

What are the other collections of Lymphoid Tissue in between the Adenoids and the Palatine Tonsils?

A

Tubal Tonsils