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ANATOMY - Head & Neck > 2.2 The Muscles of Masication > Flashcards

2.2 The Muscles of Masication Flashcards

1
Q

What are the Muscles of Mastication?

Do not need to name them

A

A group of muscles which act on the Temporomandibular Joint during masication

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2
Q

Name the 4 Muscles of Mastication:

A
  1. Temporalis Muscle
  2. Masseter Muscle
  3. Medial Pterygoid Muscle
  4. Lateral Pterygoid Muscle
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3
Q

What is the Temporalis Muscle?

A

A large, fan shaped, muscle on the side of the head - covering the Temporal Bone

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4
Q

What are the bony attachments of the Temporalis Muscle?

A
  1. Temporal Bone - The floor of the Temporal Fossa, and the Deep surface of the Temproal Fascia
  2. Coronoid Process - The Tip and the Medial Surface
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5
Q

What are the actions of the anterior fibres of the Temporalis Muscle?

A

Elevation of the Mandible

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6
Q

What are the actions of the posterior fibres of the Temporalis Muscle?

A

Retrusion of the Mandible

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7
Q

What are the bony attachments of the Masseter Muscle?

A

Superior - The Zygomatic Arch (the Maxillary Process of the Zygomatic Bone)
Inferior - The Outer surface of the Ramus, and the Coronoid Process of the Mandible

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8
Q

What are the actions of the Masseter Muscle?

A

Elevation of the Mandible

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9
Q

What do both the Medial and the Lateral Pterygoid Muscles attach to?

A

The Lateral Pterygoid Plate of the Sphenoid Bone

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10
Q

What does the Lateral Pterygoid Muscle attach to?

A
  1. The Lateral Surface of the Lateral Pterygoid Plate (of the Sphenoid Bone)
  2. The Infratemporal Surface of the Greater Wing (of the Sphenoid Bone)
  3. The Neck of the Mandible (After entering into the Temporomandibular Joint)
  4. Articular Disk of the Temporomandibular Joint
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11
Q

What does the Medial Pterygoid Muscle attach to?

A
  1. The Medial Surface of the Lateral Pterygoid Plate (of the Sphenoid Bone)
  2. The Tuberosity of the Maxilla
  3. The Medial Surface of the Ramus of the Mandible (Inferior to the Mandibular Foramen)
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12
Q

What happens when the 2 Lateral Pterygoid Muscles contract together?

A

Protrusion of the Mandible

Depression of the Chin

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13
Q

What happens when the Lateral Pterygoid Muscle contracts with the ipsilateral Medial Pterygoid Muscle?

A

Swinging of the Mandible to the side of contraction

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14
Q

What happens when the 2 Medial Pterygoid Muscles contract together?

A

Elevation of the Mandible

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15
Q

What muscles cause depression of the Mandible?

Name the muscles which do:

A

The Suprahyoid Muscles:

  1. Mylohyoid
  2. Geniohyoid
  3. Digastric (Anterior Belly and Posterior Belly)
  4. Stylohyoid
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16
Q

What muscles cause Elevation of the Mandible?

A
  1. Masseter Muscles
  2. Medial Pterygoid Muscles
  3. Anterior Fibres of the Temporalis Muscle
17
Q

What muscles cause Depression of the Mandible?

A
  1. Mylohyoid (And Geniohyoid)
  2. Digastric (Anterior Belly and Posterior Belly)
  3. Stylohyoid
18
Q

What muscles cause Protrusion of the Mandible?

A

(Bilateral Contraction of) The Lateral Pterygoid Muscles

19
Q

What muscles cause Retraction of the Mandible?

A

The Posterior Fibres of the Temporalis Muscle

20
Q

What muscles cause Side to Side movements of the Mandible?

A

Ipsilateral contraction of the Lateral (and Medial) Pterygoid Muscles

21
Q

What gives the innervation of the Muscles of Mastication

A

The Mandibular Division of the Trigeminal Nerve (Cranial Nerve V3)
This is the only division of the Trigeminal Nerve to carry both Sensory and Motor Fibres

22
Q

Through which Foramen does the Mandibular Division of the Trigeminal Nerve leave the Cranium?

A

The Oval Foramen (Foramen Ovale)

23
Q

Which of the Sensory Branches of the Mandibular Division of the Trigeminal Nerve enters into the Mandibular Foramen?

A

The Inferior Alveolar Nerve

This provides sensory innervation to the mandibular area

24
Q

What are the functions of the Nose?

A
  1. Traps Dirt
  2. Humidification of the air
  3. Olfaction (Smell)
  4. Respiration
  5. Reception and Elimination of secretions from the Nasal Mucosa, Paranasal Sinuses, and Nasocrimal Ducts

ANATOMY - Head & Neck (22 decks)

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