26- Lower Extremity 1

Question 1

What 3 joints comprise the pelvic girdle?

Answer 1

acetabulofemoral joint, sacroiliac, pubic symphysis

Question 2

What is te function of the pubic symphysis?

Answer 2

anterior strut that provides stability during walking or sitting

Question 3

what are the main motions of the pubic symphysis?

Answer 3

superior/inferior glide and separation/compression

Question 4

What maintains the intrinsic stabilityof the acetabulofemoral joint?

Answer 4

shape, ligamentous nd cartilagenous attachements

Question 5

What is the mecahnical axis?

Answer 5

weight bearing axis, on medial side of femur

Question 6

What is the Q angle?

Answer 6

The wangle between the mechanical and anatomical axises

Question 7

What’s a normal Q angle?

Answer 7

between 4-14 degrees

Question 8

What happens with a larger than normal Q angle?

Answer 8

it can cause wear and stress in joints

Question 9

What is the angle of inclination?

Answer 9

Difference between the long angle along the diaphysis of the femur ad the angle going through the femoral neck

Question 10

Whats a normal angle of inclination?

Answer 10

120-135 degrees

Question 11

What angle is coxa vara?

Answer 11

<120 degrees

Question 12

What is the cause of coxa vara?

Answer 12

Shorter leg, congenital or acquired

Question 13

What is the angle of coxa valga?

Answer 13

> 135 deegrees

Question 14

What is the relative internal rotation/anteversion?

Answer 14

When you put the femoral head in internal rotation, it glides anteriorly, seats the head deeper in the acetabulum, toes in fott and angle, can lead to short leg

Question 15

What is rrelative external rotation/retroversion?

Answer 15

Femoral head rotates externally, shallow in acetabulum, get longer leg.

Question 16

What 3 bones compose the inominate?

Answer 16

ilium, ischium, pubis

Question 17

What 3 things can lead to leg length difference?

Answer 17

tight adductors, tight hamstrings, tight quads

Question 18

What ill tight adductors do to the inominate?

Answer 18

higher iliac crest and functional shortening

Question 19

What will tight hamstrings do?

Answer 19

pulls pelvic posterior creating a fucntional shortening

Question 20

what will tight quads do?

Answer 20

pulls pelvis anterior creating a functional lengthening

Question 21

What are the 3 planes of motion of the hip joint?

Answer 21

flex/ext, ab/adduction, int/external rotation

Question 22

Axis of flex/extension?

Answer 22

transverse axis, saggital plane

Question 23

Tight hip flexion could be due to what tight muscles?

Answer 23

hamstrings

Question 24

Main hip flexor?

Answer 24

iliopsoas

Question 25

Main hip extensor?

Answer 25

Gluteus maximus

Question 26

What does the piriformis do?

Answer 26

external rotation

Question 27

How do you check for external rotation of the hip?

Answer 27

have the pt sit and swing lower leg inward (internalrotation)which then externally rotattes the thigh and hip

Question 28

What muscle is evaluated with the trendelemburg tesst?

Answer 28

gluteus medius

Question 29

What muscle tightens the iliotibial band?

Answer 29

tensor fascia lata

Question 30

What is the function of the IT band?

Answer 30

lateral stabilization of the femur

Question 31

What innervates the iliopsoas?

Answer 31

femoral nerve (L1-3)

Question 32

What makes rectus femoris different than the other quads?

Answer 32

Spans over 2 joints- hip and knee

Question 33

What is the attachemnts of the sartorius?

Answer 33

ASIS to medial aspect of tibia

Question 34

What are the 3 muscles of the gooses foot?

Answer 34

Sartorius, gracilis, semitendinosis

Question 35

Where does the biceps femoris insert?

Answer 35

fibular head- tightening can lead to a fibular head disfxn

Question 36

What innervates the gluteus max?

Answer 36

inferior gluteal n (S1)

Question 37

What innervates gluteus medius?

Answer 37

superior gluteal n (L5)

Question 38

Acetabulofemoral joint pain can be reerred to which region?

Answer 38

inguinal region