2.6 - halogenoalkanes

Question 1

Describe the steps of preparing an alcohol

Answer 1

-Nucleophilic substitution, also known as hydrolysis due to ‘‘OH’’ group.
-Must heat - slow reaction
-NaOH +halogenoalkane
-REFLUX the mixture to avoid liquid evaporating.
-cool and condense in the condenser
-top of condenser must be open

Question 1

Nucleophilic substitution

Answer 1

Halogenoalkane and aqueous sodium hydroxide to produce an alcohol

Question 2

Define Nucleophile

Answer 2

A species with a lone pair of electrons, that is able to donate to electron efficient species.

Question 3

Define electrophile

Answer 3

An electron deficient species, that is able to accept a lone pair of electrons

Question 4

What is an elimination reaction ?

Answer 4

A halogenoalkane is converted into an alkene.
sodium hydroxide must be dissolved in ethanol.