26 cardiovascular disorder

Question 1

THORACOTOMY

Answer 1

— chest incision

— use of cardiopulmonary bypass machine & hypothermia minimize blood loss during procedure

Question 2

HEMODYNAMICS

Answer 2

study of blood circulation

Question 3

SHUNT

Answer 3

flow of blood through abnormal opening between two vessels of the heart

Question 4

VSD

Answer 4

— ventricular septal defect

— opening between right &left ventricles

Question 5

PDA

Answer 5

— patent ductus arteriosus

— shunt through which blood crosses from pulmonary artery to aorta

Question 6

COARCTATION OF THE AORTA

Answer 6

tightening of aortic arch/descending aorta

Question 7

TETRALOGY OF FALLOT

Answer 7

— stenosis of pulmonary artery
— hypertrophy of right ventricle
— dextroposition of aorta
— VSD

Question 8

POLYCYTHEMIA

Answer 8

— increase in RBCs production to compensate for lack of oxygen

Question 9

PULSE PRESSURE

Answer 9

unusually wide range between systolic & diastolic blood pressures

Question 10

TET SPELLS

Answer 10

— aka paroxysmal hypercyanotic episodes
— occur during first 2 years of life
— spontaneous cyanosis/respiratory distress/weakness/syncope

Question 11

TET POSITION

Answer 11

— knee Che’s position
— 1)occludes femoral artery
2)decreases venous return
3)decreases workload of heart

Question 12

HYPOPLASTIC LEFT HEART SYNDROME

Answer 12

— underdevelopment of left side

— absent/nonfunctional left ventricle

Question 13

EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT FOR CHEST TUBING

Answer 13

1) two padded Kelly clamps

2) Vaseline gauzes-close opening if chest tube comes out

Question 14

REPORT THESE EARLY SIGNS OF CHF

Answer 14

— tachycardia
— fatigue during feeding 
— sweating around scalp/forehead 
— dyspraxia
— sudden weight gain