25.3 25.4 Flashcards
what is the boundary that marks the density change?
the discontinuity
how can discontinuities be identified?
seismic waves
what is a shadow zone?
where no seismic waves have been recorded.
whats another term for a shadow zone?
dead zone
what are the degrees from an epicenter that shadow zones fall?
105-140 degrees
is the outer core a solid or a liquid?
liquid
is the inner core a liquid or a solid?
solid
is the inner core a solid or a liquid? Why?
A solid due to the pressure.
what is a lithosphere?
the crust and the uppermost mantle.
what is the asthenosphere?
a weaker plastic like layer that the plates move on
what metallic materials make up the core?
iron and nickel.
what elemnts make up the mantle?
calcium, magnesium, iron, aluminium
The measure of a fluids resistance to flow
Viscosity
The chemical compound silicon dioxide, SiO2, which is a common ingredient in most magma
silica
tend to be small, have height in the hundreds of metes range, and have short eruption cycles.
Cinder cone volcanoes
Broad, flat structures composed of layer upon layer of lava flows.
Shield volcanoes
large and steep sided often thousands of meters high and tens of kilometers across the base and composed of layers of both lava and ash.
Composite volcanoes
what is molten or liquid rocks stored inside earth called?
magma
where is the ring of fire located?
Pacific Ocean
what forms when tectonic plates collide along subductionn zones?
Volcanoes.
which two specific locations can volcanic activity occur due to divergence?
Mid Atlantic Ridge and East African Rift Valley
are hotspots stationary?.
yes, they are in a specific place
what are created from hot spots?
volcanic islands (Hawaii)
if a liquid has a higher viscosity is it going to run faster or slower?
slower
if a magma has a higher viscosity does it have more or less silica?
more the higher the viscosity the more silica and the less silica the less viscosity
what is pryoclastic material?
the solid material from a volcano
what is the smallest pyroclastic material?
ash
what are the largest pryoclastic materials?
blocks and bombs
what are the types of gases that come from a volcano?
water vapor carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide
how are volcanoes classified?
size shape and material that abrupt.
what are the 3 types of volcanoes?
shield, composite, cinder cone volcanoes
