2.5 Hydrocarbons

Question 1

What is fractional distillation?

Answer 1

Separated hydrocarbons into simpler mixtures based on boiling point

Question 2

What is Cracking?

Answer 2

Produces smaller alkanes and unsaturated alkenes from hydrocarbons

Question 3

Describe the reactivity of alkenes

Answer 3

Double bond = region of high electron density so it’s more susceptible to electrophilic attack
Double bond is weaker than two single bond strengths. So alkenes are more reactive than alkenes

Question 4

Does positioning of atoms matter in single bonds? And why?

Answer 4

There is free rotation about a single bond so the position of atoms does not matter

Question 5

Does positioning of atoms matter in double bonds? And why?

Answer 5

There is no free rotation about a double bond so the position of atoms does matter

Question 6

What is E - Isomerism?

Answer 6

Trans isomerism. ‘Opposite sides’

Question 7

What is Z - isomerism?

Answer 7

Cis isomerism. ‘Same side’

Question 8

If the two groups on the carbon in EZ Isomerism are different what do we do?

Answer 8

The atom with the higher atomic number takes priority