1.4 Organic Componds Flashcards
What is the general formula of an ALKENE?
CnH2n
What is the general formula of an ALKANE?
CnH2n+2
What is the general formula of a HALOGENOALKANE
Usually CnH2n-1X
Dependant on how many halogens present
What is the general formula of an ALCOHOL?
CnH2n+1OH
What is the general formula of a CARBOXYLIC ACID?
CnH2n+1COOH
What is the general formula of an ALDEHYDE?
CnH2nO
What is the general formula of a KETONE?
CnH2nO
What is the general formula of an ESTER?
CnH2nO2
What are the different types of Formulae?
Displayed
Skeletal
Shortened
Molecular
Empirical
What is bond fission?
When a covalent bond is broken
What is structural isomerism?
Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures
What is an electrophile?
Electron deficient species that can accept a lone pair of electrons
What is a Radical?
Species with an unpaired electron
What is a nucleophile?
A species with a lone pair of electrons that can be donated to an electron deficient species
How does structural isomerism affect boiling points?
As surface contact increases (longer chains) Van Der waal’s forces increase thus increasing the boiling point
What is homolytic bond fission?
Bond break equally and each bonded atom receives one electron forming two radicals
What is heterolytic bond fission?
Bond break unequally and one atom receives both electrons forming a cation and an anion
