2.5

Question 1

What are proteins made of?

Answer 1

Chain of amino acids folded into a specific shape

Question 2

What are the 4 functions of a protein?

Answer 2

• builds muscle
• hormones
• enzymes
• antibody

Question 3

What is a catalyst?

Answer 3

A substance to increase the rate of reaction by lowering the activation energy. It is not used up

Question 4

What do enzymes attach to?

Answer 4

Substrate

Question 5

How do enzymes work?

Answer 5

• the enzyme shape matches the substrate
• the enzyme breaks down the substrate
• products are released.

Question 6

What is the name of the shape of enzymes?

Answer 6

Lock and key

Question 7

What would happen to an enzyme if we increase temperature? What does this mean for the enzyme?

Answer 7

• shape of enzyme changes
• substrate no longer fits
• enzyme denatures

Question 8

What is different about each type of enzyme?

Answer 8

They work at a different pH

Question 9

What happens if we change the pH of an enzyme?

Answer 9

It denatures

Question 10

What enzyme catalyses the digestion of proteins?

Answer 10

Protease

Question 11

What is produced when proteins are digested ?

Answer 11

Amino acids

Question 13

Why do we have to break down food?

Answer 13

The molecules are too big to enter the blood stream

Question 14

Where can we find protease?

Answer 14

Stomach
Pancreas
Small intestine

Question 15

What is found in the stomach?

Answer 15

Hydrochloric acid

Question 16

Where does protease work best? Why?

Answer 16

In the stomach as it’s acidic

Question 17

What are lipids?

Answer 17

Fats

Question 18

What is produced when we break down fats?

Answer 18

Glycerol

Fatty acids

Question 19

Where is lipase made?

Answer 19

Pancreas

Small intestine

Question 20

What does bile do?

Answer 20

Neutralises acids in the small intestine made in the stomach

Question 21

What enzymes break down starch?

Answer 21

Amylase

Question 22

What is the product when starch is broken down?

Answer 22

Glucose

Question 23

Where is amylase made?

Answer 23

Salivary glands
Pancreas
Small intestine

Question 24

What do microorganisms produce?

Answer 24

Enzymes

Question 25

What enzymes are found in biological washing powders? What do they do?

Answer 25

Protease- break down protein
Lipase -break down fat

Removes stains by digestion them

Question 26

What is the advantage of biological washing powders working at low temperatures?

Answer 26

We use less energy to heat water so we save money

Question 27

What enzyme does baby food contain? Why?

Answer 27

Protease - pre digests protein into amino acids

Question 28

What is amylase used for in industry?

Answer 28

Convert starch into sugar syrup -used to sweeten food

Question 29

What is isomerase used for?

Answer 29

Converting glucose to fructose

Question 30

Why is fructose used in slimming foods?

Answer 30

It is sweeter but has less calories as you are using less

Question 31

How do enzymes save money in industry’s ?

Answer 31

Allow reactions at cooler temperatures which saves energy

Question 32

What is a disadvantage of enzymes?

Answer 32

• expensive

- destroyed by high temps

Question 33

What breaks down fats?

Answer 33

Lipase