2.4.5 Genetic Diversity

Question 0

Give an example of a DNA mutation that is advantageous

Answer 0

Heterozygotes who carry both sickle cell and normal alleles are more resistant to malaria

Question 1

How do random mutations cause genetic variation?

Answer 1

Random mutations generate genetic variation by changing the DNA sequence in cells, creating new alleles

Question 2

What is meant by ‘species richness’?

Answer 2

Counting the number of species in a given habitat

Question 3

What is meant by ‘species evenness’?

Answer 3

Counts the number of species in a habitat, but also takes into account the abundance of individuals in each species

Question 4

What does ‘dominant organism’ mean?

Answer 4

A very common species in a habitat

Question 5

Where is species composition usually even?

Answer 5

Species composition is even in species-rich ecosystems, such as a rainforest

Question 6

What does ‘endemic species’ mean?

Answer 6

A species found only in a particular area

Question 7

What is meant by ‘biodiversity hotspot’?

Answer 7

An area of particularly high biodiversity

Question 8

What can be used to measure biodiversity?

Answer 8

An index, such as Simpson’s index

Question 9

How can genetic diversity be measured within a species?

Answer 9

Genetic diversity can be measured within a species by DNA sequencing