245, bones

Question 1

What are the four types of bones?

Answer 1

Long bones- greater in length than width
Short bones- length nearly equal to width
Flat bones- flat, thin surfaces, may be slightly curved
Irregular bones- elaborate, complex shapes.

Question 2

Osteoprogenitor cells?

Answer 2

Stem cells that mature to become osteoblast

Question 3

Osteoblasts?

Answer 3

Immature bone cell that secretes osteoid

Question 4

Osteocytes?

Answer 4

Mature bone cell that maintains bone matrix

Question 5

Osteoclast?

Answer 5

Multinucleate cell that secretes acids and enzymes to dissolve bone matrix

Question 6

Endochondral Ossification? What are the six steps?

Answer 6

1. Fetal hyaline cartilage model develops
2. Cartilage calcifies, periosteal bone collar forms around diaphysis
3. Primary ossification center forms in the diaphysis
4. Secondary ossification centers form in epiphyses
5. Bone replaces cartilage except the articular cartilage and epiphyseal plates
6. Epiphyseal plates ossify and form epiphyseal lines

Question 7

Intramembranous Ossification? what are the four steps?

Answer 7

1. Ossification centers form within thickened regions of mesenchyme
2. Osteoid undergoes calcification
3. Woven bone and surrounding periosteum form
4. Lamellar bone replaces woven bone, as compact and spongy bone form.

Question 8

Components of the osteon?

Answer 8

Central canal
Concentric lamellae
Osteocytes
Canaliculi