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Chemistry > 2.4 Periodicity of Period 3 > Flashcards

2.4 Periodicity of Period 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Why is sodium more reactive than Magnesium?

A

(see page 106 in the revision guide)

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2
Q

How does sodium react with water and what does it produce?

Write the equation for this reaction.

A

Sodium reacts with cold water. It fizzes around on the surface etc.

2Na(s) + 2H2O(l) -> 2NaOH(aq) + H2(g)

(see page 106 in the revision guide)

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3
Q

How does magnesium react with water and and what does it produce?

” with steam?

Write the equation for these reactions.

A

Magnesium reacts very slowly with cold water to form the hydroxide but reacts more readily with steam to form the oxide.
Mg(s) + H2O(g) -> MgO(s) + H2(g)

(see page 106 in the revision guide)

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4
Q

Draw the equation for the reaction of sodium with oxygen.

A

(see page 106 in the revision guide)

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5
Q

Draw the equation for the reaction of aluminium and oxygen.

A

(see page 106 in the revision guide)

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6
Q

Draw the equation for the reaction of phosphorous with oxygen.

A

(see page 106 in the revision guide)

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7
Q

Draw the equation for the reaction of magnesium with oxygen.

A

(see page 106 in the revision guide)

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8
Q

Draw the equation for the reaction of silicon with oxygen.

A

(see page 106 in the revision guide)

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9
Q

Draw the equation for the reaction of sulfur with oxygen.

A

(see page 106 in the revision guide)

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10
Q

How does Na, Mg, Al, Is, P and S react with air?

A

(see page 106 in the revision guide)

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11
Q

How does structure and bonding affect melting points for Na2O, MgO, Al2O3, SiO2, P4O10 and SO2?

A

(see page 106 in the revision guide)

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12
Q

Are ionic oxides alkaline or acidic?

A

Alkaline.

see page 107 in the revision guide

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13
Q

Are covalent oxides alkaline or acidic?

A

Acidic

see page 107 in the revision guide

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14
Q

Acid + Base goes to?

A

Acid + Base –> Salt + Water

see page 107 in the revision guide

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15
Q

What colour is the flame when burning Sodium?

A

Sodium burns with a yellow flame.

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16
Q

What colour is the flame when burning Magnesium?

A

Magnesium burns with a white flame.

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17
Q

What colour is the flame when burning Aluminium?

A

Aluminium burns with a white flame.

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18
Q

What colour is the flame when burning Silicon?

A

Silicon burns with a white flame.

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19
Q

What colour is the flame when burning Phosphorous?

A

Phosphorous burns with a white flame.

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20
Q

What colour is the flame when burning Sulphur?

A

Sulphur burns with a blue flame.

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21
Q

What forms when burning Sodium?

A

Sodium burns to produce a white solid.

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22
Q

What forms when burning Magnesium?

A

Magnesium burns to produce a white solid smoke.

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23
Q

What forms when burning Aluminium?

A

Aluminium burns to produce a white solid smoke.

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24
Q

What forms when burning Silicon?

A

Silicon burns to produce a white solid smoke.

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25
Q

What forms when burning Phosphorous?

A

Phosphorous burns to produce a white solid smoke.

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26
Q

What forms when burning Sulphur?

A

Sulphur burns to produce an acidic choking gas.

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27
Q

What is Sodium stored under to stop it reacting with air?

A

Sodium is stored under oil to stop it reacting with air.

28
Q

What is Phosphorous stored under to stop it reacting with air?

A

Phosphorous is stored under water to stop it reacting with air.

29
Q

Describe the properties of the oxide Na2O.

A

(see page 1 in the chemrevise revision guide)

30
Q

Describe the properties of the oxide MgO.

A

(see page 1 in the chemrevise revision guide)

31
Q

Describe the properties of the oxide Al2O3.

A

(see page 1 in the chemrevise revision guide)

32
Q

Describe the properties of the oxide SiO2.

A

(see page 1 in the chemrevise revision guide)

33
Q

Describe the properties of the oxide P4O10(s).

A

(see page 1 in the chemrevise revision guide)

34
Q

Describe the properties of the oxide SO2(g).

A

(see page 1 in the chemrevise revision guide)

35
Q

How would you prove a compound contains ions experimentally?

A

Melt the solids and show they conduct electricity.

36
Q

What is Aluminium coated with to protect it from corrosion in moist air?

A

Aluminium metal is protected from corrosion in moist air by a thin layer of aluminium oxide. The high lattice strength of aluminium oxide and its insolubility in water make this layer impermeable to air and water.

37
Q

Draw the structure of SO2.

A

(see page 1 in the chemrevise revision guide)

38
Q

Draw the structure of SO3.

A

(see page 1 in the chemrevise revision guide)

39
Q

What do metal ionic oxides tend to form when reacting with water?

A

Metal ionic oxides tend to react with water to form hydroxides which are alkaline.

40
Q

Give the equation of the reaction of a Sodium oxide reacting with water.

What pH is the product?

Is the reaction endo or exothermic?

A

(see page 2 in the chemrevise revision guide)

41
Q

Why are ionic oxides basic when reacting with water?

A

The ionic oxides are basic as the oxide ions accept protons to become hydroxide ions (acting as a bronsted Lowry base)

42
Q

Give the equation of the reaction of magnesium oxide reacting with water.

What pH is the product?

A

(see page 2 in the chemrevise revision guide)

43
Q

Why is Mg(OH)2 only slightly soluble in water?

A

As its lattice is stronger than MgO so fewer free OH- ions are produced and so lower pH.

(see page 2 in the chemrevise revision guide)

44
Q

Give the equation of the reaction of Aluminium oxide and Silicon oxide reacting with water.

What pH is the product?

A

Trick question:

Al2O3 and SiO2 do not dissolve in water because of the high strength of the Al2O3 ionic lattice and the SiO2 macromolecular structure, so they give a neutral pH 7.

45
Q

Why is MgO better than NaOH for treating acid in the rivers and the stomach?

A

MgO better than NaOH for treating acid in the rivers and the stomach as it is only sparingly soluble and weakly alkaline so using an excess would not make the water excessively alkaline.

46
Q

Give the equation of the reaction of Phosphorous oxide reacting with water.

What pH is the product?

Is the reaction endo or exothermic?

A

pH 0

Vigorous exothermic reaction

(see page 2 in the chemrevise revision guide)

47
Q

Give the equation + ionic equation of the reaction of SO2 reacting with water.

What pH is the product?

A

pH 3 (weak acid)

see page 2 in the chemrevise revision guide

48
Q

Give the equation + ionic equation of the reaction of SO3 reacting with water.

What pH is the product?

A

pH 0

see page 2 in the chemrevise revision guide

49
Q

What is the meaning of amphoteric behaviour?

A

It can act as both a base and an acid.

50
Q

Give the displayed formula for H2SO4

A

(see page 2 in the chemrevise revision guide)

51
Q

Give the displayed formula for H2SO3

A

(see page 2 in the chemrevise revision guide)

52
Q

Give the displayed formula for H3PO4

A

(see page 2 in the chemrevise revision guide)

53
Q

Give the equation of the reaction of Na2O reacting with HCl.

A

(see page 2 in the chemrevise revision guide)

54
Q

Give the equation of the reaction of Na2O reacting with H2SO4.

A

(see page 2 in the chemrevise revision guide)

55
Q

Give the equation of the reaction of MgO reacting with HCl.

A

(see page 2 in the chemrevise revision guide)

56
Q

Give the charge of the ion PO4

A

3-

57
Q

Give the charge of the ion SO4

A

2-

58
Q

Give the equation of the reaction of Al2O3 reacting with H2SO4.

A

(see page 2 in the chemrevise revision guide)

59
Q

Give the equation of the reaction of Al2O3 reacting with HCl.

A

(see page 2 in the chemrevise revision guide)

60
Q

Give the equation of the reaction of Al2O3 reacting with NaOH.

A

(see page 2 in the chemrevise revision guide)

61
Q

Give the equation of the reaction of P4O10 reacting with NaOH.

A

(see page 2 in the chemrevise revision guide)

62
Q

Give the equation of the reaction of P4O10 reacting with Na2O.

A

(see page 2 in the chemrevise revision guide)

63
Q

Give the equation of the reaction of SO2 reacting with NaOH.

A

(see page 2 in the chemrevise revision guide)

64
Q

Give the equation of the reaction of SO3 reacting with NaOH.

A

(see page 2 in the chemrevise revision guide)

65
Q

Why does SiO2 not dissolve or react in water and weak solutions of alkali?

A

SiO2 has a giant covalent structure with very strong bonds.

It will however react with very concentrated NaOH.

66
Q

Give the equation of the reaction of SiO2 reacting with NaOH.

A

(see page 2 in the chemrevise revision guide)

Chemistry (36 decks)

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