2.4 - Organic Compounds Flashcards
What are hydrocarbons?
Covalent compounds containing only the elements carbon and hydrogen
What are alkanes
Single covalent bond
Saturated hydrocarbon
What are alkenes
Double bond
Unsaturated hydrocarbon
What do alkanes not have?
Alkanes do not have a functional group
Name the first 10 prefixes.
Meth
Eth
Prop
But
Pent
hex
Hept
Oct
Non
Dec
What is the molecular formula?
Shows the atoms and how many of each type there are in a molecule of a compound
What is the displayed formula?
Shows all the bonds and atoms in the molecule
What is the shortened formula?
Shows the groups in sufficient detail that the structure is unambiguous
What is the skeletal formula?
Shows the carbon/hydrogen backbone of the molecule as a series of bonds with functional groups attached
What is the empirical formula?
Formula of a compound with the atoms of the elements in their simplest ratio
What are structural isomers?
Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formula
What is chain isomerism?
When the carbon chain is arranged differently
What is position isomerism?
When the functional group is in a different position
What is functional group isomerism?
When the functional group is different
What are stereoisomers and the 2 different types?
Molecules with the same structural formula but the atoms are arranged differently in space
Geometrical and optical
