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Science > 24 FINAL > Flashcards

24 FINAL Flashcards

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1
Q

How would you define potential energy? What about kinetic energy?

A

Kinetic: energy moving and actively causing changes
Potential: energy stored in position

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2
Q

What are some different types of potential energy?

A
  • Chemical
  • Gravitational
  • Elastic
  • Nuclear
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3
Q

What are the types of kinetic energy?

A
  • sound
  • light
  • thermal
  • electrical
  • mechanical
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4
Q

What are the 3 parts to a electrical generator?

A
  • Input
  • Converter
  • Output
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5
Q

What does the law of conservation of energy state?

A

Energy cannot be created or destroyed

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6
Q

What is the 2nd law of thermodynamics state?

A

No energy conversion is ever 100% effective

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7
Q

What is most common form of waste energy?

A

Thermal energy

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8
Q

What is percent efficiency?

A

How much imput energy Is converted into output energy with a percentage

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9
Q

How can you calculate percent efficiency in a energy converter

A

Efficiency = useful output ÷ total imput ×100

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10
Q

What is an electrical generator?

A

Uses principles of a magnet and wire to generate electricity for us to use

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11
Q

What are the 3 things you need for an electrical generator to work

A
  • Magnet
  • wire
  • movement
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12
Q

What are thermoelectric power plants?

A

Used with a turbine
- nuclear: energy boils water to turn turbine
- Hydroelectric: moving water turns turbine
- Wind: physically moves turbine

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13
Q

What is power? How for you calculate it?

A

The rate of energy use ot the change in energy overtime

Power = energy ÷ time
P= watts
E= Joules
T= Seconds

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14
Q

What is a kilowatt hour? How do you calculate it?

A

How people measue how much energy you use in a month

E = P × T E = kilowatt- hour (kwh)
P = kilowatts. T = hours

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15
Q

What are communicable vs. Non-communicable diseases?

A

Communicable: Contagious

Non-Communicable: not Contagious

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16
Q

What is an epidemic vs. A pandemic?

A

Epidemic: only one geographical area

Pandemic: whole world

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17
Q

What is public health? What factors contribute?

A

Government preventing their citizens from getting sick
- safe drinking water
- check pollutants in the air
- prevents disease from spreading

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18
Q

What is an antigen vs. an antibody?

A

Antigen: unique proteins

Antibody: Y shaped proteins

19
Q

What are the three lines of defense?

A

Physical defense: ex: eyelashes
Inflammatory: injury gets red and swollen
Antibodies: creates to attack pathogens

20
Q

Genetics vs. Hereditary

A

Genetics: traits passed down from parents

Hereditary: characteristics passed down from parents

21
Q

What is a genotype?

A

Traits that are controlled by one pair of genes are assigned a pair of letters

22
Q

What are pedigree charts?

A

Family trees

23
Q

What are mutations

A

Genes that can change due to radiation or dangerous chemicals

24
Q

How do you read a graduated cylinder?

A

Before the dip at the measure line

25
Q

What is a polymer?

A

A Long chain of molecules
They can be natural or man- made

26
Q

What do the terms endothermic and exothermic mean?

A

Endothermic: absorb energy

Exothermic: Release energy

27
Q

What are the different pieces of evidence for chemical reactions?

A
  • Color change
  • state of matter change
  • energy change
  • change in smell
28
Q

What is law of conservation of mass?

A

In a chemical reaction matter is transformed not destroyed

29
Q

Why does incomplete combustion happen?

A

Not enough oxygen is available

30
Q

What are the 2 gas chemicals that contribute to acid deposition?

A
  • Sulfur dioxide (SO²)
  • nitrogen oxide (NO)
31
Q

What is reaction time?

A

The time it takes for you to notice a hazard and act on it

32
Q

What are distractors? What are their effects on reaction time?

A

Anything that takes your focus away from the road

Slows it greatly

33
Q

What is a stimulant va a depressant?

A

Stimulant: keeps you awake

Depressant: makes you sleepy

34
Q

What is the legal limit for BAC in Alberta?

A

0.08

35
Q

What is whiplash and how can you prevent it?

A

When your neck swings back harshly

Properly placed head rest

36
Q

What are the different types of safety features in cars?

A
  • Airbags
  • Seatbelts
  • Emergency brake
37
Q

What are the different road safety features the government puts into place to decrease injury?

A
  • Crash cushions
  • guard rails
  • Light poles
38
Q

How do you calculate speed

A

Speed = distance ÷ time

V = d ÷ t

39
Q

What does the slope of a graph represent?

A

The steepness or speed of the line

40
Q

How do you calculate distance when you have speed and time?

A

Distance = Speed × Time

d = V × t

41
Q

What is momentum, and how do you calculate it?

A

A measure of an objects motion and if it will stay in motion

P = M × V

P= Momentum
M= Mass
V = Speed

42
Q

What is impulse? How do you calculate it?

A

Change in momentum

Impulse = Force × Time

43
Q

What is the safest way of using impulse to slow you down

A

Small force, longer time

44
Q

What is the law of conservation of momentum?

A

The total momentum of two colliding objects stays the same after the collision

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