24 - AI version tried Flashcards
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What was the significance of the French wars during the reign of William and Mary?
They prompted a financial revolution in the 1690s, expanding British military power on land and sea.
What change in ideology occurred during William and Mary’s reign?
The concept of a ‘limited monarchy’ emerged, leading to the growth of ‘ministerial government’.
What does the 1701 Act of Settlement represent?
Fundamental changes in balance of power and the condition of the Church of England.
What was the Bill of Rights, and when was it passed?
A document placing limits on the monarchy’s power, passed in 1689.
What did the Triennial Act require?
Parliament to sit at least once every 3 years and for the King to call elections every three years.
What was the financial revolution described as by historians?
The ‘military-fiscal state’.
How did the old system of taxation work before the Civil War?
Based on ordinary revenue from Crown lands and feudal dues supplemented by occasional parliamentary subsidies.
What was the purpose of the Public Accounts Act of 1690?
To establish a Public Account Commission to examine government income and expenditure.
What was the Land Tax introduced in 1692?
A tax levied at 4 shillings in the pound on income from land.
What financial mechanism was created in 1694 to manage government borrowing?
The Bank of England.
What was the significance of the Civil List established in 1698?
It separated the monarch’s personal expenses from government costs.
What was the impact of the reforms on British military power post-1688?
Significant expansion of military capability, including the Royal Navy and army size.
What did the Nine Years War (1688-97) contribute to?
It shaped new constitutional arrangements and limited the monarchy’s power.
What role did political parties play in the development of limited monarchy?
They fostered cooperation and competition within Parliament, leading to organized political structures.
What were the consequences of frequent parliamentary elections introduced by the Triennial Act?
Encouraged party organization and greater political engagement among citizens.
What was the role of the cabinet of ministers during William’s reign?
To manage Parliament and ensure political support on behalf of the King.
What was the effect of William’s focus on foreign policy?
It necessitated changes in British government that further limited the monarchy’s power.
Fill in the blank: The financial revolution helped Parliament to win the war but was seen as a threat to traditional _______.
liberties
True or False: The Glorious Revolution alone was responsible for the development of limited monarchy in England.
False
What did the Treaty of Ryswick signify?
A parliamentary attack on William’s standing army.
What was a major development in government borrowing during the 1690s?
The introduction of a National Debt, underwritten by Parliament.
What did the expansion of the Royal Navy and army allow Britain to do?
To challenge and defeat France in European and colonial conflicts.
Who is considered Britain’s first prime minister?
Robert Walpole
He managed the government for King George I, who could not speak English.
