23.P Ideological Pressure Main Reason For Refoming OPL Flashcards
What are the factors for reforming OPL?
Cost
Failures of old system
Ideology
Cost
How much was spent on poor relief in 1815 compared to 1817?
£5.7 million
£7.9 million
Cost
Due to poor harvests, cost rose every year from when? Peaking with what?
1823
Peaking £7 million
Cost
What was the population in 1801? What was this doubled from?
1801
Double compared to Elizabethan population
Cost
How many soldiers returned home after the Napoleonic wars? What was the average cost between 1814-18 as a result?
400,000
Averaged £6.4 million
Failures of OPL
What did the Elizabethan Poor law do? By 1776, how was this being used?
Poor houses were built for the undeserving poor
By 1776, 2000 houses had around 20 inmates in each one
Failures of OPL
What were the laws of settlement? When were they?
1662
Stopped paupers moving around for work
Failure of OPL
What was Knatchbulls act? When was it adapted?
Made workhouses inhumane to stop people from wanting to be in one
Adapted in 1772 as it was too harsh
Failures of OPL
When was Speenhamland land system? What did it do?
1795
Topped up workers wages to 3 loaves of bread or 4.5 if they had a family
Ideological pressures
What was individualism? Who supported it?
People will sort themselves out
Malthus and Townsend
Malthus’ Essay on Population (1798)
Ideological pressures
What was collectivism? Who promoted it?
Prioritising class over individuals
Paine and Owen
1772 - Rights of Man
Owen believed a failing economy was causing poverty
Ideological pressures
What is utilitarianism? Who promoted it
Greatest happiness for the greatest number
Bentham and Chadwick
