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JG Year 2 > 237 Chronic diarrhoea (Coeliac) > Flashcards

237 Chronic diarrhoea (Coeliac) Flashcards

1
Q

Which electrolytes are absorbed in the duodenum?

A

Calcium
Zinc
Magnesium

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2
Q

Where are carbohydrates (primarily) digested in the GIT?

A

Duodenum

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3
Q

Startch + maltose —> ?

A

Glucose

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4
Q

Lactose —-> (which 2 CHOs)?

A

Glucose and galactose

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5
Q

Sucrose —> (which 2 CHOs)?

A

Glucose and fructose

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6
Q

What is the main symptom of lactase deficiency?

A

Osmotic diarrhoea

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7
Q

What is the mechanism behind the lactose breath test?

A

Unabsorbed lactose in the colon is fermented by bacteria which produces an acidic stool and hydrogen. Hydrogen is detected in the breath

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8
Q

What type of bacteria are found pre-ileocecal valve?

A

lactobacilli

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9
Q

Which fat soluble vitamins are produced in the liver?

A

ADEK

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10
Q

What is the consequence of a Vit E deficiency?

A

Haemolysis
Peripheral neuropathy
Ataxia

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11
Q

What is the consequence of Vit A deficiency?

A

Compromised mucosa
Xerophthalmia
Night blindness

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12
Q

What is glucose-galactose malabsorption syndrome?

A

Osmotic diarrhoea caused by deficiency in an Na coupled glucose-galactose transporter - unable to digest glucose

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13
Q

What is the treatment for glucose-galactose malabsorption syndrome?

A

Fructose only diet

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14
Q

What is marasmus?

A

Marasmus is a form of severe malnutrition characterized by energy deficiency –> anaemia and anorexic

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15
Q

What causes ascites in Kwarshiorkor?

A

Low albumin

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16
Q

What fluid should be given to a severely malnourished patient?

A

Ringers lactate over NaCl as they are usually Na overloaded

17
Q

What kind of diarrhoea produces an ion gap of >100?

A

Osmotic diarrhoea

18
Q

What kind of diarrhoea produces an ion gap of

A

Secretory diarrhoea

19
Q

What is Tufting enteropathy?

A

Diarrhoea due to epithelial cell adhesion molecules

20
Q

What does a mutation in myosin 5b produce?

A

Microvillar atrophy causing diarrhoea which progresses to metabolic acidosis

21
Q

Which disease does Yersinia enterolytica mimic?

A

Crohns

22
Q

What is congenital lymphangectasia?

A

Dilated lymphatics causing lymph to leak into the GIT and malabsorption

23
Q

What disease is associated with HLA DQ2 and DQ8?

A

Coeliac

24
Q

What do the CD4+ cells in coeliac disease release to cause villous atrophy, crypt atrophy and increased intracellular epithelial lymphocytes?

A

Gamma IFN

25
Q

Which GIT disease is associated with dermatitis herpatoformis? (what is it?)

A

Coeliac

Rash primarily on back

26
Q

What is the treatment for coeliac?

A

Dapsone

Gluten free diet

27
Q

Name 2 conditions which mimic coeliac

4 listed

A

Microscopic colitis
Tropical sprue
Ulcerative jejunitis
Lymphoma

JG Year 2 (28 decks)

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