221 Meningitis Flashcards
Which organism is the main cause for bacterial meningitis in toddlers?
S pneumoniae
Which organism is the main cause for bacterial meningitis in children under 10years?
S pneumoniae
Which organism is the main cause for bacterial meningitis in teenagers? ( >10 and
N meningitidis
Name 4 risk factors for meningitis (6 listed)
Age ( >60 ,
Which organism is the main cause for bacterial meningitis in babies under 3 months?
Group B strep
Which organism is the main cause for bacterial meningitis in children >3 months,
S pneumoniae
Which organism is the main cause for bacterial meningitis in children?
S pneumoniae
Which organism is the main cause for bacterial meningitis in adults?
N meningitidis
Which sign is characterised by pain when extending leg at knee when hip and knee flexed?
Kernig
Which sign is characterised by flexion of the knees to compensate for pain when head is flexed in supine position?
Brudzinski
Name 3 signs of raised ICP
Bulging fontanelle
Palsy of CN 3,4,6
Papilloedema
Which time period do seizures most commonly occur following onset of meningitis?
In first 48 hours
What is the immediate treatment for meningitis?
IM penicillin
What is the treatment of bacterial meningitis in neonates?
Ampicillin and aminoglycoside/cefotaxime
What is the treatment of bacterial meningitis in children
Ampicillin + cephalosporin
What is the treatment of bacterial meningitis in adults?
Cephalosporin (cefotaxime/ceftriaxone)
Name 3 reasons for performing CT prior to LP
7 listed
?raised ICP > 60 years Immunosuppression Known CNS lesions Seizure
Name 3 contraindications of LP
Infected skin over area
Raised ICP
CT findings of unequal pressure between supra/infra-tentorial compartments
Which type of meningitis would you suspect from the following CSF profile?:
- turbid +
- lymphocytes +
- normal protein
- normal glucose
Viral
Which type of meningitis would you suspect from the following CSF profile?:
- turbid +++
- neutrophils +++
- protein +++
- reduced glucose
Bacterial
Which type of meningitis would you suspect from the following CSF profile?:
- clear
- normal lymphocyte
- normal protein
- reduced glu
(Stains with Indian ink)
Fungal
Which type of meningitis would you suspect from the following CSF profile?:
- turbid +
- lymphocyte ++
- protein ++
- reduced glu
Mycobacterium
Which is the route of infection across BBB has:
- tight junctions therefor decreased para cellular flux
- slow rate of endocytosis due therefor decreased transcellular flux
& what type of infection ensues?
BMEC (brain microvascular endothelial cells) in brain parenchyma causing abscesses/encephalitis
Which is the route of infection across BBB has:
- weaker tight junctions therefor increased para cellular flux
- fast rate of endocytosis due therefor increased transcellular flux
& what type of infection ensues?
BMEC (brain microvascular endothelial cells) in choroid plexus causing meningitis
