Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

JG Year 2 > 221 Meningitis > Flashcards

221 Meningitis Flashcards

1
Q

Which organism is the main cause for bacterial meningitis in toddlers?

A

S pneumoniae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which organism is the main cause for bacterial meningitis in children under 10years?

A

S pneumoniae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which organism is the main cause for bacterial meningitis in teenagers? ( >10 and

A

N meningitidis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Name 4 risk factors for meningitis (6 listed)

A

Age ( >60 ,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which organism is the main cause for bacterial meningitis in babies under 3 months?

A

Group B strep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which organism is the main cause for bacterial meningitis in children >3 months,

A

S pneumoniae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which organism is the main cause for bacterial meningitis in children?

A

S pneumoniae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which organism is the main cause for bacterial meningitis in adults?

A

N meningitidis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which sign is characterised by pain when extending leg at knee when hip and knee flexed?

A

Kernig

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which sign is characterised by flexion of the knees to compensate for pain when head is flexed in supine position?

A

Brudzinski

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name 3 signs of raised ICP

A

Bulging fontanelle
Palsy of CN 3,4,6
Papilloedema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which time period do seizures most commonly occur following onset of meningitis?

A

In first 48 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the immediate treatment for meningitis?

A

IM penicillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the treatment of bacterial meningitis in neonates?

A

Ampicillin and aminoglycoside/cefotaxime

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the treatment of bacterial meningitis in children

A

Ampicillin + cephalosporin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the treatment of bacterial meningitis in adults?

A

Cephalosporin (cefotaxime/ceftriaxone)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Name 3 reasons for performing CT prior to LP

7 listed

A 
?raised ICP
> 60 years 
Immunosuppression
Known CNS lesions
Seizure
18
Q

Name 3 contraindications of LP

A

Infected skin over area
Raised ICP
CT findings of unequal pressure between supra/infra-tentorial compartments

19
Q

Which type of meningitis would you suspect from the following CSF profile?:

  • turbid +
  • lymphocytes +
  • normal protein
  • normal glucose
A

Viral

20
Q

Which type of meningitis would you suspect from the following CSF profile?:

  • turbid +++
  • neutrophils +++
  • protein +++
  • reduced glucose
A

Bacterial

21
Q

Which type of meningitis would you suspect from the following CSF profile?:

  • clear
  • normal lymphocyte
  • normal protein
  • reduced glu
    (Stains with Indian ink)
A

Fungal

22
Q

Which type of meningitis would you suspect from the following CSF profile?:

  • turbid +
  • lymphocyte ++
  • protein ++
  • reduced glu
A

Mycobacterium

23
Q

Which is the route of infection across BBB has:

  • tight junctions therefor decreased para cellular flux
  • slow rate of endocytosis due therefor decreased transcellular flux

& what type of infection ensues?

A

BMEC (brain microvascular endothelial cells) in brain parenchyma causing abscesses/encephalitis

24
Q

Which is the route of infection across BBB has:

  • weaker tight junctions therefor increased para cellular flux
  • fast rate of endocytosis due therefor increased transcellular flux

& what type of infection ensues?

A

BMEC (brain microvascular endothelial cells) in choroid plexus causing meningitis

25
Q

Which type of meningitis do PCV13 and PPV vaccinate against? Who are they for (specifically)?

A

Strep pneumonia

PCV13: 65yrs

26
Q

Which gram negative diplococcus capsular end bacteria causes meningitis?

A

Neisseria meningitidis (pneumococcal meningitis)

27
Q

Which gram +ve capsulated causes meningitis?

A

Strep pneumoniae

28
Q

Which gram -ve coccobacillus causes bacterial meningitis?

A

Haemophilus influenzae

29
Q

Which bacterial meningitis can affect people of any age? Why?

A

Strep pneumoniae - >23 different serotypes so not ABs against all

30
Q

Which Hib type causes meningitis in young children?

A

Haemophilus influenzae type B

31
Q

What is Cryptococcus neoformans and which type of meningitis does it cause?

A

Fungus which causes fungal meningitis

32
Q

Which virus most commonly causes encephalitis?

A

HSV

33
Q

What is the most common cause of a HSV encephalitis?

A

HSV reactivation of trigeminal neuralgia

34
Q

Which virus causes epidemic viral encephalitis?

A

Arbovirus

35
Q

In which trimester of pregnancy is intrauterine infection of CMV encephalitis most dangerous?

A

2nd - necrotising encephalitis here leading to calcification/microcephaly/deafness

36
Q

What are the outcomes of a intrauterine encephalitis caused by rubella?

A

Heart defects, cataracts, mental retardation, deafness

37
Q

What are the outcomes of an encephalitis caused by toxoplasmosis in:

  1. 1st trimester
  2. 2nd trimester
  3. 3rd trimester
A
  1. Abortion/stillbirth
  2. Severe brain/organ damage
  3. Moderate cerebral damage
38
Q

What is the potential cause for acute disseminated encephalomyelitis?

A

Autoimmune reaction to proteins of myelin sheath caused by a virus

39
Q

Which neuronal proteins are most commonly involved in autoimmune encephalitis?

A

Anti-NMDA receptor

Anti-VGKC receptor

40
Q

What is the treatment for autoimmune encephalitis?

A

IV Ig’s and steroids

JG Year 2 (28 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions