2.3 Telecommunications Network

Question 1

_ generally refer to all types of long-distance communication

Answer 1

Telecommunications

Question 2

_ is the exchange of information in any form over networks.

Answer 2

Telecommunications

Question 3

_ is a subset of telecommunications and is achieved through the use of telecommunication technologies.

Answer 3

Data communications

Question 4

_ is a collection of compatible hardware and software arranged to communicate information from one location to another.

Answer 4

Telecommunications system

Question 5

Telecommunications systems have two sides: the _ and the _.

Answer 5

transmitter, receiver

Question 6

The major components of a telecommunications systems are:

Answer 6

Hardware, Communications media, Communications networks, Communications processors, Communications software, Data communications providers, Communications protocols, Communications applications.

Question 7

_— all types of computers and communications processors.

Answer 7

Hardware

Question 8

_— the physical media through which electronic signals are transferred.

Answer 8

Communications media

Question 9

_— the linkages among computers and communications devices.

Answer 9

Communications networks

Question 10

_— devices that perform specialized data communication functions; includes front-end processors, controllers, multiplexors and modems

Answer 10

Communications processors

Question 11

_—software that controls the telecommunications system and the entire transmission process.

Answer 11

Communications software

Question 12

_— regulated utilities or private firms that provide data communications services.

Answer 12

Data communications providers

Question 13

_—the rules for transferring information across the system.

Answer 13

Communications protocols

Question 14

_— electronic data interchange (EDI), teleconferencing, videoconferencing, e-mail, facsimile, electronic funds transfer, and others.

Answer 14

Communications applications

Question 15

To transmit and receive information, a telecommunications system must perform the following separate functions that are transparent to the user:

Answer 15

ƒ Transmit information.
ƒ Establish the interface between the sender and the receiver.
ƒ Route messages along the most efficient paths.
ƒ Process the information to ensure that the right message gets to the right
receiver.
ƒ Check the message for errors and rearrange the format if necessary.
ƒ Convert messages from one speed to that of another communications
line or from one format to another.
ƒ Control the flow of information by routing messages, polling receivers,
and maintaining information about the network.
ƒ Secure the information at all times.

Question 16

Telecommunications media can carry _ basic types of signals:

Answer 16

two, analog and digital

Question 17

_ are continuous waves that “carry” information by altering the amplitude and frequency of the waves.

Answer 17

Analog signals

Question 18

Sound is _ and travels to our ears in the form of waves.

Answer 18

analog

Question 19

The greater the height (_) of the waves, the _ the sound.

Answer 19

amplitude, louder

Question 20

the more closely packed the waves
(higher _), the _ the pitch.

Answer 20

frequency, higher

Question 21

Radio, telephones, and recording equipment historically transmitted and received _ signals, but they are rapidly changing to _ signals.

Answer 21

analog, digital

Question 22

_ are discrete on-off pulses that convey information in terms of 1’s and 0’s, just like the central processing unit in computers.

Answer 22

Digital signals

Question 23

T/F
Analog signals have several advantages over digital signals.

Answer 23

False, it’s the other way around

Question 24

T/F
First, analog signals tend to be less affected by interference or “noise.”

Answer 24

False, it’s digital signals

Question 25

_ (e.g., “_”) can seriously alter the information carrying characteristics of analog signals, whereas it is generally easier, in spite of noise, to distinguish between an “on” and an “off.”

Answer 25

Noise, static

Question 26

_ can be repeatedly strengthened over long distances, minimizing the effect of any noise.

Answer 26

Digital signals

Question 27

_ are hardware devices that support data transmission and reception across a telecommunications system.

Answer 27

Communications processors

Question 28

Examples of communications processors

Answer 28

Modems, multiplexers, front-end processors, and concentrators

Question 29

_ - is a communications device that converts a computer’s digital signals to analog signals before they are transmitted over standard telephone lines.

Answer 29

Modem

Question 30

The public telephone system (called POTS for “Plain Old Telephone Service”) was designed as an _ network to carry voice signals or sounds in an _ wave format.

Answer 30

analog

Question 31

The conversion from digital to analog is called _, and the reverse is _.

Answer 31

modulation, demodulation

Question 32

The device that performs modulation and demodulation is called a _; a contraction of the terms modulate/ demodulate.

Answer 32

modem

Question 33

T/F
Modems are always used in pairs.

Answer 33

True

Question 34

To take advantage of telecommunications, Ethio-telecom is installing _ advanced across all regions.

Answer 34

4G LTE

Question 35

_ are terminals (inputs used to transmit and receive data), telecom processors (devices that perform control and provide support function), telecom channels (media for transmission of information), various computer and telecom control software (programs that control telecom activities).

Answer 35

Telecommunications network components