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IT > 2.2 Network Media (Transmission Media) > Flashcards

2.2 Network Media (Transmission Media) Flashcards

1
Q

For data to be transmitted from one location to another, a _ or _ must be used.

A

physical pathway or medium

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2
Q

Pathways that transmit data from one location to another are called _.

A

transmissions media

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3
Q

Transmissions media can be either _ or _.

A

physical or wireless

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4
Q

The physical transmission use _, _, or _.

A

wire, cable, and other tangible materials

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5
Q

_ send communications signals through the air or space.

A

Wireless transmission media

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6
Q

_ use wire, cable, and other tangible materials.

A

The physical transmission(media)

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7
Q

Wireless transmission media send communications signals through the _ or _.

A

air or space

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8
Q

The physical transmission media are generally referred to as _.

A

cable media

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9
Q

Wireless media include _, _, _, _ and _.

A

cellular radio, microwave transmission, satellite transmission, radio and infrared media

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10
Q

Modern networks primarily use _ types of media to interconnect devices and to provide the pathway over which data can be transmitted. These are:

A

Copper cables, Glass or plastic fibers (fiber optic cable), Wireless transmission

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11
Q

T/F
The signal encoding that must occur for the message to be transmitted is the same for each media type.

A

False, it’s different

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12
Q

On _, the data is encoded into electrical impulses that match specific patterns.

A

metallic wires

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13
Q

_ rely on pulses of light, within either infrared or visible light ranges or in wireless transmission, and patterns of electromagnetic waves depict the various bit values.

A

Fiber optic transmissions

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14
Q

T/F
Different types of network media have different features and benefits.

A

True

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15
Q

T/F
All network media have the same characteristics and are appropriate for the same purpose.

A

False, they don’t

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16
Q

_ is an electric or electromagnetic form of data that passes over transmission media.

A

Signal

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17
Q

_ is a long thin piece of metal that is used to fasten things or to carry
electric current.

A

A wire

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18
Q

The transmission medium can be divided into two broad categories: _ and _.

A

wired or guided media and wireless or unguided media

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19
Q

_ are those that provide a conduit from one device to another.

A

Guided media

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20
Q

Guide media includes , and _.

A

twisted-pair cable, coaxial cable and fiber-optic cable

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21
Q

A signal traveling along any of these media is directed and contained by the _ limits of the medium.

A

physical

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22
Q

_ and _ use metallic (copper) conductors that accept and transport signals in the form of electric current.

A

Twisted-pair and coaxial cables

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23
Q

_ is a cable that accepts and transports signals in the form of light.

A

Optical fiber

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24
Q

Twisted-pair and coaxial cables use metallic (copper) conductors that accept and transport signals in the form of _.

A

electric current

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25
Q

Optical fiber is a cable that accepts and transports signals in the form of _.

A

light

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26
Q

_ consists of two conductors (normally copper), each with its plastic insulation, twisted together

A

A twisted pair

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27
Q

A twisted pair consists of _ conductors (normally copper), each with its plastic insulation, twisted together

A

two

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28
Q

One of the wires of a twisted pair cable is used to _ and the other is used _.

A

carry signals to the receiver, only as a ground reference

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29
Q

T/F
In addition to the signal sent by the sender on one of the wires of a twisted pair cable, interference (noise) and crosstalk may affect both wires and create unwanted signals.

A

True

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30
Q

T/F
If the two wires are parallel, the effect of the unwanted signals is the same on both wires because they are at same locations relative to the noise or crosstalk sources.

A

False, it has different effects and they have different locations

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31
Q

Fundamentally, twisted pairs are classified as:

A

Unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) and shielded twisted-pair (STP)

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32
Q

_ is the most common form of network cable.

A

Unshielded twisted-pair (UTP)

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33
Q

_ is used for the Ethernet wiring standards which are managed by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). These wiring standards are referred by code _.

A

UTP, 802.3

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34
Q

The _ standards include specifications of cable configurations and the types of connectors used to plug cables into devices.

A

Ethernet

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35
Q

What we conventionally know as a network cable is an _ specified cable for Ethernet networks.

A

802.3

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36
Q

T/F
An 802.3 specified cable can block interference and does not depend on a physical shield for this purpose.

A

True

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37
Q

In modern networks, UTP cables are considered in different categories starting from _ to _ and so on.

A

cat1, cat7

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38
Q

The most common UTP connector is _.

A

RJ45

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39
Q

RJ stands for _, implying that the connector follows a standard borrowed from the telephone industry.

A

registered jack

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40
Q

The _ is a keyed connector, meaning the connector can be inserted in only one way.

A

RJ45

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41
Q

_ is a common copper-based medium for interconnecting network devices such as computers with intermediate devices like routers and network switches.

A

UTP cabling

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42
Q

_ cables are wired according to different wiring conventions

A

UTP

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43
Q

Ethernet _ and Ethernet _ are the main cable types that are obtained by using specific wiring conventions

A

straight-through, crossover

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44
Q

The _ is the most common type and is used to connect computers to hubs or switches.

A

straight-through

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45
Q

_ is more commonly used to connect a computer to a computer(connect similar network devices).

A

Crossover Ethernet cable

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46
Q

When electromagnetic signals are conducted on copper wires that are nearby
(such as inside a cable), some electromagnetic interference occurs. This interference is called _.

A

crosstalk

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47
Q

Twisting two wires together as a pair _ such interference and also provides some protection against interference from outside
sources.

A

minimizes

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48
Q

_ is subject to external electromagnetic interference, including interference from nearby twisted pairs and noise generated in the environment.

A

Unshielded twisted pair

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49
Q

_ is used in fast-data-rate Ethernet and voice and data channels of telephone lines.

A

STP

50
Q

_ consists of a special jacket to block external interference.

A

STP

51
Q

_ cable combines the techniques of cancellation and twisting of wires with shielding.

A

Shielded twisted-pair (STP)

52
Q

_ reduces electrical noise from the cable (crosstalk) and outside the cable (EMI and RFI).

A

STP

53
Q

_ waves are waves that are created as a result of vibrations between electric and magnetic fields.

A

Electromagnetic (EM)

54
Q

_ are composed of oscillating magnetic and electric fields.

A

Electromagnetic (EM)

55
Q

_ is any frequency within the electromagnetic spectrum which is associated with radio wave propagation.

A

RF

56
Q

When an RF current is supplied to an antenna, an _ field is created and then able to travel or propagate through space.

A

electromagnetic

57
Q

_ carries signals of higher frequency ranges than those in twisted pair cable in part because the two media are constructed quite differently.

A

Coaxial cable (or coax)

58
Q

Instead of having two wires, _ has a central core conductor of solid or stranded wire (usually copper) enclosed in an insulating sheath which is, in turn, encased in an outer conductor of metal foil, a combination of the two.

A

coax

59
Q

The outer metallic wrapping of a _ serves both as a shield against noise and the second conductor which completes the circuit.

A

coax

60
Q

Thick coaxial cable ranges in size from approximately _ in diameter.

A

6 to 18 mm (1/4 to 3/4 inch)

61
Q

Thin coaxial cable is approximately _ in diameter.

A

4 mm (less than 1/4 inch)

62
Q

Compared to a thick coaxial cable which typically carries _ signals, a thin coaxial cable has limited noise isolation and typically carries _ signals.

A

broadband, baseband

63
Q

_ has better noise immunity and is generally used for the transmission of analog data such as single or multiple video channels.

A

Thick coaxial cable

64
Q

The most common type of connector used today is the _ connector.

A

Bayonet Neill-Concelman (BNC)

65
Q

There are three popular types of BNC connectors:

A

the BNC connector, the BNC T connector, and the BNC terminator.

66
Q

_ is the traditional technology for connecting devices in a wired local area network (LAN) or wide area network (WAN).

A

Ethernet

67
Q

_ is a ubiquitous type of copper cabling used in telephone wiring and local area networks (LANs).

A

Unshielded twisted-pair (UTP)

68
Q

_ is a type of cable used to transmit data, the internet, video and voice communications.

A

Coax, short for coaxial

69
Q

_ is used to describe the electrical and magnetic forces or effects produced by an electric current.

A

Electromagnetic

70
Q

_ uses either glass or plastic fibers to guide light impulses from source to destination.

A

Fiber-optic cabling

71
Q

The bits are encoded on the fiber as _.

A

light impulses

72
Q

_ consists of a center glass core surrounded by several layers of protective materials.

A

Fiber optic cabling

73
Q

_ transmits light rather than electronic signals eliminating the problem of electrical interference.

A

Fiber-optic cabling

74
Q

_ ideal for certain environments that contain a large amount of electrical interference.

A

Fiber-optic cabling

75
Q

_ has also made it the standard for connecting networks between buildings due to its immunity to the effects of moisture and lighting.

A

Fiber-optic cablng

76
Q

_ can transmit signals over much longer distances than other cables.

A

Fiber optic cable

77
Q

The capacity of a _ cable broadens communication possibilities to include services such as video conferencing and interactive services.

A

fiber-optic

78
Q

There are _ common types of fiber cable:

A

two
single mode and multimode cables.

79
Q

_ cable has a larger diameter; however, both cables provide high bandwidth at high speeds.

A

Multimode

80
Q

_ can provide more distance, but it is more expensive.

A

Single mode cable

81
Q

There are _ types of connectors for fiber-optic cables:

A

three
Subscriber channel (SC), straight-tip (ST) and Mechanical Transfer Registered Jack (MT-RJ) connectors.

82
Q

_ is used for cable TV.

A

Subscriber channel (SC) connector

83
Q

_ uses a push/pull locking system.

A

Subscriber channel (SC) connector

84
Q

_ is used for connecting cables to networking devices.

A

Straight-tip (ST) connector

85
Q

_ uses a bayonet locking system and is more reliable than SC.

A

Straight-tip (ST) connector

86
Q

_ is a connector that is the same size as RJ45.

A

MT-RJ

87
Q

In _, signals are normally broadcast through free space and thus are available to
anyone who has a device capable of receiving them.

A

Unguided media

88
Q

In _, radio waves travel through the lowest portion of the atmosphere, hugging the earth.

A

ground propagation

89
Q

In _, the low-frequency signals emanate in all directions from the transmitting antenna and follow the curvature of the planet.

A

Ground propagation

90
Q

In _, distance depends on the amount of power in the signal.

A

ground propagation

91
Q

Ground propagation:
Sky propagation:
Line-of-sight propagation:

A

Below 2MHz
2-30MHz
Above 30 MHz

92
Q

In _, higher-frequency radio waves radiate upward into the ionosphere where they are reflected on earth.

A

sky propagation

93
Q

In _, the type of transmission allows for greater distances with lower output power.

A

sky propagation

94
Q

In _, very high-frequency signals are transmitted in straight lines directly from antenna to antenna.

A

line-of-sight propagation

95
Q

In _,antennas must be directional, facing each other and either tall enough or close enough together not to be affected by the curvature of the earth.

A

line-of-sight propagation

96
Q

_ propagation is tricky because radio transmissions cannot be completely focused.

A

Line-of-sight

97
Q

Although there is no clear-cut demarcation between radio waves and microwaves, electromagnetic waves ranging in frequencies between 3 kHz and 1 GHz are normally called _; waves ranging in frequencies between 1 and 300 GHz are called _.

A

radio waves, microwaves

98
Q

When an antenna transmits _, they are propagated in all directions.

A

radio waves

99
Q

In _, a sending antenna sends waves that can be received by any receiving antenna.

A

radio waves

100
Q

In _ property, the radio waves transmitted by one antenna are susceptible
to interference by another antenna that may send signals using the same frequency or band.

A

omnidirectional

101
Q

Radio waves, particularly those that propagate in the _ mode, can travel long distances.

A

sky

102
Q

Radio waves are a good candidate for long-distance broadcasting such as _.

A

AM radio

103
Q

T/F
Based on the wavelength, strength and purpose of transmission, we can have several types of antennas.

A

True

104
Q

The _ characteristics of radio waves make them useful for multicasting, in which there is one sender but many receivers.

A

omnidirectional

105
Q

_ are examples of multicasting.

A

AM and FM radio, television, maritime radio, cordless phones and paging

106
Q

_ is a line-of-sight wireless communication technology that uses high-frequency beams of radio waves to provide high-speed wireless connections that can send and receive voice, video and data information.

A

A microwave

107
Q

_ types of antennas are used for microwave communications: _

A

Two
parabolic dish and horn

108
Q

_ is based on the geometry of the parabola where every line is parallel to the line of symmetry (line of sight).

A

A parabolic dish antenna

109
Q

In parabolic dish antenna, all the lines intersect in a common point called the _.

A

focus

110
Q

_ works as a funnel, catching a wide range of waves and directing them to a common point. More of the signal is recovered in this way than a _ receiver.

A

The parabolic dish, single-point

111
Q

In _ communications, line-of-sight devices must be placed in relatively high locations.

A

microwave

112
Q

A _ looks like a gigantic scoop.

A

horn antenna

113
Q

In _, outgoing transmissions are broadcast up a stem (resembling a handle) and deflected outward in a series of narrow parallel beams by the curved head.

A

horn antenna

114
Q

_, due to their unidirectional properties, are very useful when unicast (one-to-one) communication is needed between the sender and the receiver.

A

Microwaves

115
Q

Microwaves are used in:

A

cellular phones, satellite networks and wireless LANs

116
Q

_ is electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths longer than those of visible lights.

A

Infrared, which is sometimes called infrared light,

117
Q

_ invisible to the human eye.

A

Infrared

118
Q

You use _ waves to change channels on your TV.

A

infrared light

119
Q

_ is a wireless transmitting or receiving antenna that radiates or intercepts radio-frequency (RF) electromagnetic fields equally well in all horizontal directions in a flat, two-dimensional (2D) geometric plane.

A

Omnidirectional antenna

120
Q

_ are types of electromagnetic radiation with the longest wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum, typically with frequencies of less or equal to 300 gigahertz (GHz).

A

Radio waves

121
Q

_ are used in standard broadcast radio and television, shortwave radio, navigation and air-traffic control, cellular telephony and even remote-controlled toys.

A

Radio waves

IT (17 decks)

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