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Philosophy and Ethics > 2.3 | Religious Experiences > Flashcards

2.3 | Religious Experiences Flashcards

1
Q

Religious experience

A

*not like a normal experience

*not universal to all human beings

*not open to verification

*subjective

*difficult to describe

*give insight to spiritual realm

*produce spiritual change

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2
Q

Sensory Visions

A

*seeing something as externally present

*subject is fully conscious

*corporeal (used by Teresa of Avila)

Eg. Moses seeing the burning bush- he was completely awake; alone

Eg. Miracle of the Sun at Fatima- sun was dancing across sky & emitting multicoloured lights; communal, multiple people watched

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3
Q

Intellectual Visions

A

*brings knowledge, certainty, understanding

  • Teresa of Avila saw Christ
  • Not with her eyes or soul; got clear understanding which exceeded understanding in a normal way- can’t be articulated

*leave person with a sense of peace

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4
Q

Dreams

A
  • in the minds eye
  • happens while sleeping/ deep meditation
  • coherent- brings message from Divine; important, can be interpreted by receiver

Eg. Jacob’s ladder (Genesis 28:12-13)
-Angels travelling up and down a ladder from earth to heaven
-God watched him and said land would be given to him and his descendants

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5
Q

Individual Conversation

A

-regeneration/ change

*no faith to faith
“I am telling a story of two lives. They have nothing to do with each other. Oil and vinegar” - C.S. Lewis

*one faith to another

*strengthening faith
John Wesley- heart was strangely warmed as he read works from Luther

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6
Q

Communal conversion

A

Acts 2: Day of Pentecost
*crowds from all over gathered on Jerusalem for Passover
*Holy Spirit enabled them to understand each other’s mother tongue- spread message of god
*3000 converted

Billy Graham Evangelistic Missions
*reached 200 millon people

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7
Q

Sudden

A

A specific moment of self surrender

Spontaneous

Involuntary

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8
Q

Gradual

A

Can not be pinpointed in time

Seeking rather than being led

Takes time

voluntary

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9
Q

William James- CONVERSION

A

Conversion of the SICK SOUL to HEALTHY MINDEDNESS

  1. Divided self
    Loss of pleasure
  2. Desire for relief
  3. Self surrender
    A breakthrough
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10
Q

Ninan Smart- seven dimensions of Religion

A

*experimental/ emotional dimension

*central to all religions

*seminal event that insures religion

  • generates rituals/ doctrines/ myths

*response to rituals & feelings

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11
Q

Types of mysticism

A

Introvertive

Extrovertive

Theurgic- induced through rituals

Non theugic- passively received

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12
Q

Ed Miller- MYSTICISM

A

Transcendent

Ineffable

Noetic

Ecstatic

Unitive

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13
Q

Transcendent

A

Experience beyond empirical world

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14
Q

Ineffable

A

Cannot be described with ordinary language

Needs to be specific to religion: symbols/ analogies

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15
Q

Noetic

A

Uses knowledge that cannot be obtained from ordinary sources

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16
Q

Ecstatic

A

High emotional state of euphoria

Impact ones experience

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17
Q

Unitive

A

Oneness with the Divine

18
Q

Mysticism

A

Different from ordinary experience

Non rational- reason not needed

Removal from self- not separate from the Divine (vitally)

Spontaneous

Induced through ritual- deliberate union with Divine

19
Q

Prayer

A

Communication with the Divine

*thanksgiving

*petition

*repentence (forgiveness for wrong doing)

*worship

*contemplation (reflection

20
Q

CONTEMPLATIVE PRAYER- GARDEN ANALOGY (Teresa of Avila)

A

(Garden is soul- water is effects of prayer)

  1. BUCKET: demanding work, little reward- MEDITATION
  2. WINDLASS: quicker/ easier/ familiar work, some reward- PRAYER OF QUIET
  3. RIVER: burden of watering disappears, much easier, still have to put a bit of effort in- UNION EASIER CONNECTION WITH GOD
  4. RAIN: no work- CONTEMPLATIVE PRAYER ESTABLISHED; UNION OF SOUL WITH THE DEVINE COMPLETE
21
Q

Contemplative prayer- seven mansions (Teresa of Avila)

A
22
Q

William James

A

*career in medicine

*interest in psychology
Still believed in mystical/ religious experience- was authentic

Objective study of religious experiences

Not deciding existence of God

Looking for common characteristics

Varieties of Religious experience

23
Q

William James- PINT (mystical experience)

A

Passive

Ineffable

Noetic

Transient

24
Q

Passive

A

The persons free choice is abandoned. The experience happens to the person regardless of their will

‘Thrown into expansive freedom’

25
Q

Transient

A

The experience is temporary- it eventually passes

‘It comes and goes like riding a wave’
Trying to get back there

26
Q

Rudolf Otto

A

Idea of the Holy

Religion too intellectual

Developed a new schematisation of religious experience as being in a category of its own- Sui generis

27
Q

Otto- Heilig

A

Heilig- holy

Original meaning lost

Too associated with morality

We need new language to do justice to the special quality of the holy

28
Q

Schema

A

A set of words

29
Q

Schematisation

A

Process of systemising words

30
Q

Numinous

A

Supernatural/ divine power

Free from moral + ethical connotations

31
Q

What does the numinous experience include?

A

*creature consciousness

*wholly other

*sense of dread of awe and dread

*simaltaneous fascination

*sense of ecstasy

32
Q

Creature consciousness

A

Feeling weak and insignificant in God’s presence

Not negative- you don’t need to worry about your problems

33
Q

“Wholly other”

A

Numinous is like nothing else that can be experienced

34
Q

Awe and Dread

A

It compels a person to kneel or prostrate themselves and be speechless

Love and fear of God is two sides of the same coin- you can feel both at once

35
Q

State of ecstasy

A

State of ultimate bliss

36
Q

Christianity- Otto

A

It is the superior religion when it comes to human spiritual development

37
Q

Mysterium Tremendum et Fascinans

A

“The deepest and most fundamental element in all strong and sincerely felt religious emotion”

Mystery that is both awe, inspiring and fascinating at the same time

38
Q

Mysterium

A

God is a “wholly other” - a mystery

Neti neti- not this, not that

Feeling of being in the presence of a force much greater than themselves

39
Q

Tremendum

A

*awfulness
Mystical dread

*majesty
Feeling personal insignificance

*energy
Numinous alive; shakes us to the core of our being repels us

40
Q

Et Facsinans

A

Mercy- can admit a person into presence

Love- personal relationship, not merely factual

Comfort- satisfaction and fulfilment

*pull or attraction of experience, being unable to drag oneself away

41
Q

Description related challenges

A

Challenging the way the event is explained

*based on Swinburne’s Principle of Testimony
-we should believe what people tell us

Logically inconsistent

Eg. Misremembering, lying, exaggerating

Philosophy and Ethics (6 decks)

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