2.3 NUCLEAR PEACTIONS Flashcards
12
** C**
6
12 is A, mass, total protons+neutrons
6 is Z, atomic number, number of protons
A isotope of an atom has
the same number of protons, Z, atomic number but a different number of** neutrons**
RADIOACTIVE DECAY
is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by radiation
https://www.scienceabc.com/wp-content/uploads/ext-www.scienceabc.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Notation-Nuclear-Reaction.jpg-.jpg
The nature of the alpha radiation
helium nucleus
Beta particle has a nature
of fast electron
gamma ray
is high frequency electromagnetic wave
Nuclear Fission is
the decay of a large nucleus into two or or more nulcei of smaller mass number ( +1n)
0
поділ
n
E=mc2 where m is
the mass difference is the difference in the mass between the mass before fission and the total mass of the product
in fission reactions the energy is
kinetic
Einstein’s Mass-energy Equivalence Principle
According to this prinsiple, lost mass can be turned into energy, but energy can be also be turned into mass
another explanation
Nuclear fission
the process in which an unstable, heavy atomic atomic nuclues splits into 2 or more lighter nuclei (called fission fragments) with kinetic energy
the nuclear fission is devided into
- Spontaneous
- **Induced **that occurs when the nucleus is bombarded by neuton, causing it to split
Chain Reaction
when a nucleus undergoes induced fission, the released neutrons can go on to hit other nuclei, causing futher fission reactions and cycle repeats
Controlled (nuclear power) or uncontrolled (nuclear weapons)
Nuclear Fission reactor
used in nuclear stations to turn water into steam (пар) whih drives turbines to generate electricity
MODERATOR IN nuclear fission reactor
used to slow down the fast moving neutrons
