2.3

Question 1

Wat is de definitie van Rechtsstaat?

Answer 1

Een rechtsstaat waar de rechtsstaat de overhand heeft en de rechten van burgers worden beschermd

Rechtsstaat benadrukt het belang van wet boven willekeurig bestuur.

Question 2

What does the legaliteitsbeginsel state?

Answer 2

Iemands vrijheid kan alleen ingeperkt worden als de rechtmatigheid van die beperking is vastgelegd in wetten

This principle ensures that government actions against citizens must be legally justified.

Question 3

What are the key principles of a Rechtsstaat?

Answer 3

• Het beginsel van grondrechten
• De wetten zijn democratisch
• Het legaliteitsbeginsel
• Het beginsel van de trias politica
• Onafhankelijke rechtsspraak

These principles collectively safeguard democracy and individual rights.

Question 4

Who is associated with the concept of Trias Politica?

Answer 4

Charles Montesquieu

Montesquieu’s ideas on the separation of powers greatly influenced modern democracies.

Question 5

What does the Trias Politica represent?

Answer 5

The separation of powers into legislative, executive, and judicial branches

This structure is designed to prevent the concentration of power.

Question 6

What are the three branches of Trias Politica?

Answer 6

• Wetgevende macht (Legislative)
• Uitvoerende macht (Executive)
• Rechterlijke macht (Judicial)

Each branch has distinct responsibilities to ensure checks and balances.

Question 7

What is the role of the wetgevende macht?

Answer 7

Maakt wetten

This branch is responsible for creating and enacting legislation.

Question 8

What is the role of the uitvoerende macht?

Answer 8

Verantwoordelijk voor het uitvoeren van de wetten

This branch enforces laws and administers government policies.

Question 9

What is the role of the rechterlijke macht?

Answer 9

Rechtspraak

This branch interprets laws and administers justice.

Question 10

What is the concept of ‘discretionaire bevoegdheid’?

Answer 10

Zelfstandig beslissingen nemen door ambtenaren

This refers to the discretionary power held by civil servants in decision-making.

Question 11

True or False: Absolute power is necessary for effective governance.

Answer 11

False

Lord Acton famously stated that ‘absolute power corrupts absolutely’, emphasizing the need for checks on power.

Question 12

Fill in the blank: The principle of _______ ensures that government actions are based on established laws.

Answer 12

[legaliteitsbeginsel]

This principle is fundamental to maintaining citizens’ rights.

Question 13

What historical event marked the beginning of modern democracy in the Netherlands?

Answer 13

1848 Thorbecke

This year is significant for constitutional reforms that shaped the Dutch democratic system.

Question 14

What can happen when grondrechten (fundamental rights) conflict?

Answer 14

Grondrechten kunnen botsen

Conflicts between rights require careful legal consideration to resolve.