2.3 Flashcards
when were board schools established to ‘plug gaps’?
1870s
what was the school leaving age at 1902?
12
what did the 1944 Butler Education Act do?
- introduces 11+ exam
- introduces tripartite system
- raised school leaving age to 15
- deepened gender + class divides
what was the tripartite system?
students were placed into one of 3 schools:
- grammar schools
- secondary modern schools
- secondary technical schools
when were 6 new ‘red-brick’ unis founded?
1880-1909
what did the 1918 Fisher Act do?
- increased school leaving age to 14
- provided nursery schools
- ‘continuation schools’ for new workers over 14
- punished those who employed school-age kids
- provided free, compulsory health checks for secondary school pupils
why was the 1918 Fischer Act limited?
only a few nurseries (bc of 1922 Geddes Axe) -> slow pace of change
what did the 1926 Hadow Report do?
- lays foundation for 1944 Butler Act
- elementary schools to be replaced with primary schools
- introduces tripartite system
why was the Hadow Report limited?
nothing was done education wasn’t a priority yet
what happened to the proportion of w/c kids in secondary education 1918-34?
remained static
what did the 1965 Crosland Circular do?
- called for universal comprehensive education (by 1964 10% of pupils went to comprehensive schools)
- became politically contentious + sparked debate on comprehensive v grammar schools
what did the 1976 Labour Education Act do?
- reintroduced comprehensive reorganisation
- removed funding from direct grant schools
what was the % of students educated at comprehensive schools in 1964, 1970 and 1979?
1964 = 10%
1970 = 33%
1979 = 90%
what did the 1967 Plowden Report recommend?
- large programme of nursery school building
- more project based work at primary schools
- focus on learning through play
- teaching grammar + punctuation was a hindrance to creativity
which school was most noticeable in implementing the Plowden Report?
William Tyndall Junior School
when was the school leaving age raised to 16?
1973
Education (Work Experience) Act
what was gov funding for uni in 1919 compared to 1962?
1919 = £1 mil
1962 = >80 mil
what did local authorities do in 1962 to enable students to concentrate on their studies?
gave grants/allowances
what was the number of students in Britain in 1900 + 1962?
1900 = 20k
1962 = 113k
how many Oxbridge students were female in 1961?
13%
what did the 1963 Robbins Report recommend?
- universal national grant be provided to all students with a uni place
- an increase in state funding to enable growth of unis
what was the number of unis in 1962 + 1970?
1962 =22
1970 = 46
when was the Open University established?
1969
what did the Robbins Report lead to?
impressive boom in uni education
