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Finals > 224 Reproductive > Flashcards

224 Reproductive Flashcards

1
Q

All of the following are internal genitals of the female reproductive system EXCEPT

Ovaries
Salpinx
Vagina
Labia (vulva)

A

Labia (vulva)

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2
Q

The region between the vaginal orifice and the anus is termed the
Mons pubis
Labia majora
Labia minora
Perineum

A

Perineum

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3
Q

Which of the following is the primary sex organ in males?

Seminal vesicles
Testes
Vas deference
Cowper’s glands

A

Testes

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4
Q

Which of the following female structure is homologous to the male penis?
vagina
clitoris
vestibule
labia minora
labia majora

A

clitoris

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5
Q

In the anatomical position, the urethral orifice is
to the vagina opening.

Posterior
Anterior
Medial
Lateral

A

Anterior

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6
Q

All of the following reproductive organs/structures are internal EXCEPT

ovaries
salpinx
clitoris
uterus

A

clitoris

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7
Q

The testes lie within the
urinary bladder
erectile tissue
scrotum
prostate gland

A

scrotum

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8
Q

All of the following structures are paired EXCEPT
seminal vesicle
vas deferens
bulbourethral gland
prostate gland

A

prostate gland

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9
Q

The process of egg formation is termed
Ovulation
Oogenesis
Fertilization
Germination

A

Oogenesis

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10
Q

Which of the following layers of the uterus is sloughed off during menstruation?
Epimetrium
Myometrium
Endometrium
Parietal peritoneum

A

Endometrium

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11
Q

All of the following statements are correct for the uterus EXCEPT
It produces estrogen
It is the site for embryo implantation
Under oxytocin control during parturition (the birthing process)
Tissue lining the uterus is sloughed off during menstruation

A

It produces estrogen

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12
Q

A decrease in plasma level of estrogen and progesterone will result in which of the following?
Ovulation
Implantation
Fertilization
Menses
Menarche

A

Menses

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13
Q

Which of the following cells provides mechanical support and protection for developing sperms?

Interstitial cell of Leydig
Sertoli cells
Rete testes
Tunica albuginea

A

Sertoli cells

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14
Q

The interstitial cells of the testes produce

seminal fluid
egg cells
sperm cells
androgens

A

androgens

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15
Q

Sperm cells develop in the

efferent ductules
interstitial cells
rete testis
seminiferous tubules

A

seminiferous tubules

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16
Q

The epididymis is a ____ and it functions to ____

compartment inside a testis; secrete testosterone and form sperm
stage of spermatogenesis; form two sperm cells and semen
tightly coiled tube on the outside of the testis; store immature sperm as they mature
compartment that contains seminiferous tubules; ejaculate sperm and semen out of the penis

A

tightly coiled tube on the outside of the testis; store immature sperm as they mature

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17
Q

Which of the following structures are unpaired?
O seminal vesicle
O vas deferens
O bulbourethral gland
O prostate gland

A

prostate gland

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18
Q

The function of the cremaster muscle is to
O elevate the testes during sexual arousal and exposure to cold
O generate peristaltic waves in the ductus deferens
O control the release of secretions from the seminal vesicles
O control the release of sperm cells from the testes into the epididymis

A

elevate the testes during sexual arousal and exposure to cold

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19
Q

All of the following are part of the spermatic cord EXCEPT the
Testicular artery
Lymphatic vessels
Ductus deferens
Ejaculatory duct

A

Ejaculatory duct

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20
Q

The function of fructose in semen is to
provide an energy source for ATP production by sperm.
promote coagulation of semen in the female reproductive tract.
buffer acids in the female reproductive tract.
inhibit the growth of bacteria in semen and the female reproductive tract.

A

provide an energy source for ATP production by sperm.

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21
Q

The hormone responsible for the development and maintenance of male secondary sexual characteristics is
O ICSH

FSH
Testosterone
GRH
ACTH

A

Testosterone

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22
Q

Egg cells are transported in the female reproductive tract by the _____ Whereas sperm are transported in the male reproductive tract by the _____
action of ciliated epithelium in the uterine tubes; movements of their tails
activity of seminal vesicle secretion; activity of prostate gland secretions
peristaltic contractions of the vaginal wall; peristaltic contractions of the uterus
movement of their tails; lashing movements of their tails

A

action of ciliated epithelium in the uterine tubes; movements of their tails

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23
Q

A Pap smear is used to detect the presence of abnormal cells in the
Urethra
Ovary
Cervix
Vagina
Fallopian tubes

A

Cervix

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24
Q

In females, what structure is located immediately anterior to the vagina?
Uterus
Ovary
Rectum and anus
Pubic symphysis

A

Pubic symphysis

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25
Q

The tubular portion of the uterus that extends downward into the upper part of the vagina is the
Cervix
Perimetrium
Endometrium
Hymen

A

Cervix

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26
Q

The female structure that is the homolog of the male penis is the
Vagina
Clitoris
Vestibule
Labia minora

A

Clitoris

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27
Q

The opening between the cervical canal and the uterine cavity is called the
Internal os
External os
Isthmus
Fornix

A

Internal os

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28
Q

The opening between the cervical canal and the vagina is called the
O Internal os
O External os
O Isthmus
O Fornix

A

External os

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29
Q

The epithelium of the vaginal mucosa is
Simple squamous
Simple cuboidal
Simple columnar
Stratified squamous
Transitional

A

Stratified squamous

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30
Q

During the menstrual cycle, progesterone would be at its highest levels
during the menstrual phase (day 1-5)
just prior to ovulation (day 12-14)
just after ovulation (day 14-16)
late in the postovulatory phase (day 20-24)

A

late in the postovulatory phase (day 20-24)

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31
Q

All of the following statements are correct for the vagina EXCEPT
It can act as a receptacle for seminal fluid from the male
It serves as the lower part of the birth canal
It is a passageway for urine
The pH is normally is the acidic range

A

It is a passageway for urine

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32
Q

Fertilization of an ovum most often occurs in the
Ovary
Uterine tube
Uterus
Vagina

A

Uterine tube

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33
Q

Testosterone is produced by
spermatozoa
sustentacular cells
interstitial cells
the hypothalamus

A

interstitial cells

34
Q

The epithelium of the vaginal mucosa is
O simple squamous
O simple cuboidal
O simple columnar
O stratified squamous

A

stratified squamous

35
Q

The most common site for ectopic pregnancy is in the

ovary
uterine tube
uterus
vagina
abdominal cavity

A

uterine tube

36
Q

Salpingitis is the inflammation of the
Ovaries
Fallopian tubes
Uterus
Vagina

A

Fallopian tubes

37
Q

For a typical female cycle, ovulation occurs on the
day of the cycle.
fifth (5th)
eighth (8th)
fourteenth (14th)
twenty-first (21)
twenty-eighth (28)

38
Q

Which of the following cells nourish developing sperm cells and form the blood-testes barrier?

primary spermatocytes
Sertoli cells
spermatids
sperms cells

A

Sertoli cells

39
Q

Which of the following statements is most correct concerning male erection?

Mediated by the sympathetic division
Parasympathetic activation of the bulbourethral glands
Dilatation of the penile veins
Spinal reflex mediated by the parasympathetic division

A

Spinal reflex mediated by the parasympathetic division

40
Q

Content of semen would include
O sperm
spermine
fructose
prostaglandins
all of the above

A

all of the above

41
Q

The ampulla of the vas deferens and the excretory duct of the seminal vesicle unite to form the
bulbourethral duct
ejaculatory duct
prostatic duct
duct of Wirsung

A

ejaculatory duct

42
Q

Which of the following statements is most correct for the male reproductive system?
Testosterone plays an important role in sexual behavior
Pharmacotherapy for erectile dysfunction may include Viagra
XYY genotype is linked to aggressive behavior, especially those incarcerated
All of the above

A

All of the above

43
Q

An erection of the penis is caused by
semen pressure from the testes and vas deferens
muscle flexion of the penile muscles
Increased secretions of lymph into the spongy tissue
an increase in arterial blood flow to the penis

A

an increase in arterial blood flow to the penis

44
Q

If the penis fails to become erect, the condition is termed

hernia
infertility
impotency
cryptorchidism

45
Q

After ovulation, which of the following structures is responsible for maintaining the endometrium for potential implantation?
Graffian follicle
Mature follicle
Corpus luteum
Corpus albican

A

Corpus luteum

46
Q

All the following are secondary (accessory) sex organ to the female reproductive system EXCEPT
O Ovary
O Vagina
O Uterine tube
O Mammary glands

47
Q

Which of the following hormones causes milk ejection?
O Oxytocin
O Prolactin
O Estrogen
O Progesterone

48
Q

All the following statements concerning the female reproductive process are correct EXCEPT
fertilization occurs in the fallopian tube
ovulation occurs on the 14th day after the first day of the menstrual cycle
endometrial proliferation is under the control of prolactin
menses is initiated by the fall of estrogen and progesterone

A

endometrial proliferation is under the control of prolactin

49
Q

Which ligament anchors the ovary to the uterus?
broad ligament
ovarian ligament
infundibulopelvic ligament
suspensory ligament

A

ovarian ligament

50
Q

From its proximal end at the uterus as it approaches the ovary, the regions of the uterine tube are:
O isthmus, ampulla, fimbriae, infundibulum.
O isthmus, ampulla, infundibulum, fimbriae.
O isthmus, infundibulum, ampulla, fimbriae.
O ampulla, isthmus, infundibulum, fimbriae

A

isthmus, ampulla, infundibulum, fimbriae.

51
Q

Where does fertilization usually occur?

infundibulum of the uterine tube
vagina
ampulla of the uterine tube
uterus

A

ampulla of the uterine tube

52
Q

What part of the female reproductive system receives the penis during sexual intercourse?

vagina
uterus
clitoris
uterine tube

53
Q

What effect do you think douching, or washing, has on the vagina?

Douching damages the ridge-like rugae inside the vagina.
Douching washes away beneficial bacteria and alters the pH balance of the vagina.
Douching removes mucus made by the stratified squamous epithelium of the vaginal walls.
Douching washes away the cilia lining the mucous membrane of the vagina.

A

Douching washes away beneficial bacteria and alters the pH balance of the vagina.

54
Q

The acrosome of a sperm cell contains
the chromosomes
mitochondria for energy production
testosterone
hyaluronidase for egg penetration

A

hyaluronidase for egg penetration

55
Q

Which of the following is NOT a region of the male urethra?
O
serosa
prostatic
membranous
spongy

56
Q

Which portion of the penis is called the foreskin?
O prepuce
O root
O body
O glans’ penis

57
Q

What component allows semen to temporarily coagulate, preventing it from leaking back out of the female reproductive tract, once
ejaculated?
O alkaline pH
O antimicrobial chemicals
O fructose
O clotting proteins and enzymes

A

clotting proteins and enzymes

58
Q

Contraction of the cremaster muscle:
propels sperm through the urethra.
moves sperm through the ductus deferens.
wrinkles the scrotal skin.
wrinkles the scrotal skin..
pulls the testes closer to the body.

A

pulls the testes closer to the body.

59
Q

The movement of sperm, testicular fluids, and secretions from the prostate and seminal vesicle into the urethra is known as:
expulsion.
ejaculation.
erection.
emission.

60
Q

Which of the following is under control of the parasympathetic nervous system?
O emission
O ejaculation
O erection
O expulsion

61
Q

An elderly man, Mr. Gee, is unable to maintain an erection. Classify his condition.
O resolution
O flaccid
O impotence
O refractory period

62
Q

Which of the following is the main hormone that regulates spermatogenesis?
estrogen
testosterone
growth hormone
inhibin

A

testosterone

63
Q

All of the following structures are paired EXCEPT
O
seminal vesicle
vas deferens
bulbourethral gland
prostate gland

A

prostate gland

64
Q

Following ejaculation, a male may typically experience a period of time, called
erection.
orgasm
post-ejaculatory trauma syndrome
refractory period
plateau phase

A

refractory period

65
Q

Which of the following is the most effective non-surgical form of contraceptive?
O Birth control pill
O Tubal ligation
O Timing method
O Diaphragm

A

Birth control pill

66
Q

During the menstrual (female) cycle, progesterone is produced by
O the secondary oocyte
O the corpus luteum
O the stroma of the ovary
O the primary follicles

A

the corpus luteum

67
Q

A 24 year-old male, in an attempt to impress an attractive young lady on their first date, dove into the Atlantic Ocean during the winter
month. Which of the following muscles would be expected to contract?
O Cremaster muscle
O Levator ani muscle
O Tensor vali palitini muscle
O Dartos muscle
O Only A & D are correct

A

O Only A & D are correct

68
Q

Testosterone release will most likely results in
O decreased red blood cell count
O decreased blood volume
O closure of the epiphyseal plate
O all of the above

A

closure of the epiphyseal plate

69
Q

All of the following are genotypes EXCEPT
XX
XY
XO
Blue eyes

70
Q

All of the following reproductive organs/structures are internal EXCEPT
© ovaries
O salpinx
O clitoris
© uterus

71
Q

A 24 year-old female presents to labor and delivery. She is 10cm dilated and the fetus’ head is crowned. To minimize trauma to the birth
canal, the obstetrician performs an episiotomy. Which of the following structure or region will the obstetrician have to cut?
O Vagina
O Perineum
O Labia majora
O None of the above

72
Q

The _______ is the pocket surrounding cervix and provides surgical access to the pelvic cavity.

Vagina
Fornix
Uterus
Prepuce

73
Q

The most common cause of impotence in a 24 year old male without a history of spinal cord trauma or neurological disease is
O diabetes
O psychological
O too much pornography on the internet
O hypertension

A

psychological

74
Q

Which of the following occurs after ovulation?
O The corpus luteum secretes only estrogen
O The endometrium enters its secretory phase
O The secretion of LH and FSH is enhanced
O All of the above

A

The endometrium enters its secretory phase

75
Q

Each month, the time when a female is most fertile is when
O progesterone levels peak
O estrogen levels are at the lowers level
O progesterone levels begin to fall
O when LH levels are highest

A

when LH levels are highest

76
Q

Failure to have a menstrual period is called:
O menorrhea
O amenorrhea
O menses
O luteinization

A

amenorrhea

77
Q

The uterine tubes consist of all of the following divisions except the:
O isthmus
O ampulla
O infundibulum
O apex

78
Q

The development of the fetus in a location other than the uterus is called a (an):
episiotomy
ectopic pregnancy
ovarian pregnancy
fallopian pregnancy

A

ectopic pregnancy

79
Q

After ovulation, which of the following structures is responsible for maintaining the endometrium for potential implantation?
Graffian follicle
Mature follicle
Corpus luteum
Corpus albican

A

Corpus luteum

80
Q

What are the two primary functions of the testes?
Spermatogenesis and secretion of hormones
Secretion of hormones and excretion of wastes
Spermatogenesis and excretion of wastes
None of the above

A

Spermatogenesis and secretion of hormones

81
Q

In both sexes, the essential organs of reproduction that produce the gametes are called:
O testes
O ovaries
O genital
O gonads

Finals (3 decks)

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