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223 Flashcards

1
Q

Focusing an object onto the retina is the responsibility of the
Cornea
Pupil
Iris
Lens
Vitreous body

A

Lens

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2
Q

all of the following structures are found in the outer ear EXCEPT the

auricle
external auditory canal
tympanic membrane
Cochlea

A

Cochlea

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3
Q

Taste buds are located primarily on the
upper palate
tongue
gums
uvula

A

tongue

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4
Q

The ear is divided into which three anatomical parts?
External ear, tympanic membrane, inner ear
External ear, middle ear, cochlea
External ear, middle ear, inner ear
External auditory meatus, middle ear. inner ear

A

External ear, middle ear, inner ear

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5
Q

The primary refractive index (media) of the eye is the

Sclera
Cornea
Pupil
Lens
retina

A

Cornea

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6
Q

All of the following are modalities of tastes EXCEPT
Sweet
Sour
Bitter
Umami
Bland

A

Bland

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7
Q

Olfaction is dependent on _
cells.
optic
auditory
olfactory
odiferous

A

olfactory

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8
Q

Taste to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue is mediated by the
Trigeminal nerve
Facial nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Vagus nerve
None of the above

A

Facial nerve

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9
Q

Cones are most dense in the
Optic nerve
Fovea
Peripheral retina
Lens
Ciliary body

A

Fovea

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10
Q

Focusing an object onto the retina is the responsibility of the

Cornea
Pupil
Iris
Lens
Vitreous body

A

Lens

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11
Q

Olfaction is dependent on .

optic
auditory
olfactory
oneous

A

olfactory

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12
Q

The ear is divided into which three anatomical parts?
External ear, tympanic membrane, inner ear
External ear, middle ear, cochlea
External ear, middle ear, inner ear
External auditory meats, middle ear, inner ear

A

External ear, middle ear, inner ear

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13
Q

Cones are most dense in the
Optic nerve
Fovea
Peripheral retina
Lens
Ciliary body

A

Fovea

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14
Q

Which of the following cells give rise to the optic nerve?

Horizontal cells
Purkinje cells
Purkinje fibers
Ganglion cells
Bipolar cells

A

Ganglion cells

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15
Q

The primary refractive index (media) of the eye is the
Sclera
cornea
Pupil
Lens
renn.

A

cornea

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16
Q

Focusing an object onto the retina is the responsibility of the
Cornea
Pupil
Iris
Lens
Vitreous body

A

Lens

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17
Q

Taste buds are located primarily on the
upper palate
tongue
gums
uvula

A

tongue

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18
Q

All of the following are types of tastes EXCEPT
sour
sweet
bland
umami

A

Bland

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19
Q

Cones are most dense in the
Optic nerve
Fovea
Peripheral retina
lens
Ciliary body

A

Fovea

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20
Q

Which of the following structure is involved in tear production?
Eyelids
Lacrimal gland
Ciliary body
Choroid
None of the above

A

Lacrimal gland

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21
Q

Which of the following structure is involved in regulating the amount of light entering the eye?
Cornea
Lenses
Iris
Retina
None of the above

A

Iris

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22
Q

All of the following are modalities of tastes EXCEPT
Sweet
Sour
Umami
Bland

A

Bland

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23
Q

A visual acuity of 20/20 denotes

“normal” vision
The image falls on the retina
Refractive correction is not indicated
All of the above
None of the above

A

All of the above

24
Q

Anatomically, all of the following structures are found in the outer ear EXCEPT the

auricle
external auditory canal
tympanic membrane
cochlea

25
Q

Cones are most dense in the
Optic nerve
Fovea
Peripheral retina
Lens
Ciliary body

26
Q

The primary refractive index (media) of the eye is the

Sclera
Cornea
Pupil
Lens
Retina

27
Q

Focusing an object onto the retina is the responsibility of the

Cornea
Pupil
Iris
Lens
Vitreous body

28
Q

Which of the following cells give rise to the optic nerve?

Horizontal cells
Purkinje cells
Purkinje fibers
Ganglion cells
Bipolar cells

A

Ganglion cells

29
Q

Which of the following ossicles are found in the middle ear?
Omalleus
O incus
O stapes
all of the above
none of the above

A

All of the above

30
Q

All of the following are found in the middle ear EXCEPT

Stapedius muscle
Tensor tympani muscle
External auditory canal
Stapes
Ossicles

A

External auditory canal

31
Q

Sensory is the primary function for all of the following nerves EXCEPT the

optic nerve
vestíbulo cochlear nerve
hypoglossal
olfactory

A

hypoglossal

32
Q

The ossicles connect the

tympanic membrane to the round window
tympanic membrane to the oval window
the oval window to the round window
the oval window to the cochlear

A

tympanic membrane to the oval window

33
Q

Which of the following statements is most correct for the cones?

It is a photoreceptor cells
It is located in the retina
It is associated with color vision and the sharpness of the image
All of the above

A

All of the above

34
Q

A 24-year-old male was seen by ophthalmologist. He was given a diagnosis of emmetropia. What type of lens would you prescribes to this
patient?

Concave lens
Convex lens
Convex lens with cylinder
Glasses are not necessary for this patient

A

Glasses are not necessary for this patient

35
Q

The primary refractive media of the eye is the
cornea
anterior chamber
lens
vitreous humor

36
Q

Cones are most dense on which part of the retina?

The blind spot (optic nerve)
The fovea
The periphery
They are evenly distributed over the retina

37
Q

A visual acuity of 20/20 denotes

“normal” vision
The image falls on the retina
Refractive correction is not indicated
All of the above
None of the above

A

All of the above

38
Q

The optic nerve arises from which of the following cells?

Rods and cones
Bipolar cells
Ganglion cells
Horizontal cells

A

Ganglion cells

39
Q

Which of the following structures regulates the amount of light entering the eye?

Lens
Iris
Cornea
Retina

40
Q

A 16 year-old boy presents to your office. While involved in a high school wrestling match, he accidentally cut his ear. He complains of
pain. Exam shows a 2 cm cut with coagulated blood at the site of the wound. Which of the following structure is most likely injured?
© The auricle
© The external auditory meatus
O The tympanic membrane
© The Eustachian tube

A

The auricle

41
Q

Anatomically, all of the following structures are found in the outer ear EXCEPT the
O auricle
O external auditory canal
O tympanic membrane
O cochlea

42
Q

Which of the following ossicles are found in the inner ear?
O malleus
O incus
O stapes
O all of the above
none of the above

A

None of the above

43
Q

The external auditory canal ends at the
O vestibule
O utricle
O tympanic membrane
O ossicles

A

tympanic membrane

44
Q

The ossicles connect the
tympanic membrane to the round window
tympanic membrane to the oval window
the oval window to the round window
the oval window the cochlea

A

tympanic membrane to the oval window

45
Q

Which of the following are functions associated with the ear?

Vestibular
Audition
Balance/equilibrium
All of the above
Only B & C

A

All of the above

46
Q

Receptor cells for audition and balance are located in the
ear.
O outer
O middle
O inner
O cerebellum

47
Q

Nicotinic and muscarinic receptors are components of the
sympathetic system
parasympathetic system
central nervous system
peripheral nervous system

A

parasympathetic system

48
Q

Preganglionic sympathetic fibers originate from

T1-T2 of the spinal cord
T1-L2 of the spinal cord
L1-L4 of the spinal cord
S2-S4 of the spinal cord

A

T1-L2 of the spinal cord

49
Q

All of the following cranial nerves convey parasympathetic fibers to effectors EXCEPT

oculomotor
facial
glossopharyngeal
hypoglossal

A

hypoglossal

50
Q

A student is about to take a final exam. One hour prior to the exam, the student experiences jitters, an elevated heart rate, an increase in
blood pressure, increased respiration, cold sweats, and cold feet & hands. The symptoms are the result of
sympathetic activation
decreased levels of epinephrine in the blood
increased parasympathetic activity
decreased sympathetic activity
only A & C are correct

A

sympathetic activation

51
Q

All of the following are examples of parasympathetic discharge EXCEPT

contraction of the urinary bladder
relaxation of the sphincters of the digestive tract
increased salivation
increased heart rate

A

Increased heart rate

52
Q

In a “fight-or-flight” situation, which of the following physiological changes may be experienced?

dilation of the respiratory airways
increased sweating
dilatation of peripheral blood vessels and in skeletal muscles
all of the above

A

All of the above

53
Q

Alpha and beta receptors are components of the

cholinergic system
adrenergic system
central nervous system
peripheral nervous system

A

adrenergic system

54
Q

Neuroendocrine cells in the adrenal gland
Oare located in the adrenal cortex
O release acetylcholine into blood capillaries
O release epinephrine and norepinephrine into blood capillaries
O have no endocrine function
O do not release neurotransmitters (neuroendocrine chemicals) when stimulated

A

release epinephrine and norepinephrine into blood capillaries

55
Q

Muscarinic receptors are found at myoneural and neuroglandular junctions and

are activated by acetylcholine release
are located on the surface of ganglion cells
produce an excitatory or inhibitory response
are activated by norepinephrine

A

are activated by acetylcholine release

56
Q

For the sympathetic division of the ANS, the neurotransmitter released at the neuroeffector junction is

acetylcholine
norepinephrine
epinephrine
dopamine
dobutamine

A

norepinephrine

Finals (3 decks)

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