22.3 Flashcards
Gastric acid is secreted by H+/K+ pumps in the membranes of ______ cells.
Secretion is stimulated by the ____ nerve, _____, and _____.
It is inhibited by _______ and the _______ reflex.
Gastric acid is secreted by H+/K+ pumps in the membranes of parietal cells.
Secretion is stimulated by the vagus nerve, histamine, and gastrin.
It is inhibited by somatostatin and the enterogastric reflex.
The stomach’s motility has three functions:
The stomach’s motility has three functions:
(1) receptive function
(2) churning function
(3) emptying function
The rate of gastric emptying is controlled by the composition of ______ in the duodenum and hormones such as ______, ______, and ______.
The rate of gastric emptying is controlled by the composition of chyme in the duodenum and hormones such as secretin, cholecystokinin, and gastric inhibitory peptide.
The stomach’s mucosa houses gastric glands with four main cell types:
diffuse neuroendocrine (DNES) cells - produce hormones
chief cells - secrete pepsinogen
parietal cells - secrete hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor
mucous neck cells - secrete acidic mucus
chief cells secrete ________
chief cells - secrete pepsinogen
parietal cells secrete what
parietal cells - secrete hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor
mucous neck cells - secrete _______
mucous neck cells - secrete acidic mucus
What is released by the enteroendocrine cells of the gastric glands?
hydrochloric acid (HCl)
pepsinogen
intrinsic factor
gastrin
What is released by the enteroendocrine cells of the gastric glands?
hydrochloric acid (HCl)
pepsinogen
intrinsic factor
gastrin
Which hormone increases acid secretion by the stomach?
secretin
gastric-inhibitory peptide (GIP)
somatostatin
gastrin
Which hormone increases acid secretion by the stomach?
secretin
gastric-inhibitory peptide (GIP)
somatostatin
gastrin
[] The stomach differs anatomically from other organs of the alimentary canal because it has an additional oblique layer of muscularis externa for churning.
True
False
[] The stomach differs anatomically from other organs of the alimentary canal because it has an additional oblique layer of muscularis externa for churning.
True
False
It controls emptying into the duodenum via the ________
It controls emptying into the duodenum via the pyloric sphincter.
The stomach’s mucosa houses gastric glands with four main cell types:
diffuse neuroendocrine (DNES) cells, which produce hormones;
chief cells, which secrete pepsinogen;
parietal cells, which secrete hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor;
mucous neck cells, which secrete acidic mucus.
The rate of gastric emptying is controlled by the composition of chyme in the duodenum and hormones such as
secretin, cholecystokinin, and gastric inhibitory peptide.
What region of the stomach does food first enter after its passage through the relaxed gastroesophageal sphincter?
cardia
body
fundus
pylorus
What region of the stomach does food first enter after its passage through the relaxed gastroesophageal sphincter?
cardia
body
fundus
pylorus
Chief cells release:
pepsinogen.
gastrin.
mucus.
intrinsic factor.
Chief cells release:
pepsinogen.
gastrin.
mucus.
intrinsic factor.
