2.2.1 programming techniques

Question 1

IDE

Answer 1

integrated development environment

Question 2

features in IDE

Answer 2

• auto-indent
• auto-numbering
• auto-suggestion
• auto-fill
• coloring
• run time management
• debugging

Question 3

debugging in IDE

Answer 3

• breakpoint: stop at that line
• step through: one line at a time
• watch: display variables
• trace: execute code, message at each function

Question 4

types of errors

Answer 4

• syntax errors: wrong typing
• logic errors: codes does not make sense

Question 5

types of IDE

Answer 5

-compiler: displays all errors after compilation
-interpreter: displays errors one by one

Question 6

programming constructs

Answer 6

-sequence: order of code executed
-iteration: for/while/do…until
-branching: (selection) - if else; switch case

Question 7

recursion

Answer 7

characteristics:
- must call itself
- finite number of calls (must be reached)
- must have a base case (stopping condition)

Question 8

global variable

Answer 8

can be used outside of subroutines

Question 9

local variable

Answer 9

used only within subroutines

Question 10

passing by value

Answer 10

only a copy of data is passed
changes would be lost when the function/procedure ends
must return the variable to be passed onto the main code
(mark scheme)

Question 11

passing by reference

Answer 11

will pass out of subroutine
return value automatically

Question 12

modularity

Answer 12

modularisation - using functions and procedures
modules- a block of code with a given name

breaking down problems into subproblems like modules

Question 13

benefits of modularisation

Answer 13

programs are more easily and quickly written (breakdown, modules reused, library)

programs are more reliable and have fewer errors
take less time to test and debug

programs are easier to maintain

Question 14

functions

Answer 14

subroutine that returns a value

Question 15

procedures

Answer 15

subroutines that perform the executions

Question 16

parameter

Answer 16

appear in subroutines as definitions

Question 17

argument

Answer 17

appear in subroutine calls

Question 18

identifier

Answer 18

names for variables and functions

Question 19

subroutines

Answer 19

set of instructions with a name

-library subroutines
-built-in subroutines (e.g. print)

Question 20

reusable components

Answer 20

-naming subroutines and variables
-commenting
-exit points
-length of subroutines

-documentation of input, output and preconditions
-documentation of what the code does, coder and date it was written

Question 21

benefits of reusable component

Answer 21

Programs are more easily and quickly written
Programs are more reliable
Programs require less time to debug and test
Programs are easier to maintain
Modules can be written by different people in a team, shortening development time
Modules can be reused in different programs