22.1 Natural Cloning In Plants

Question 1

What is natural cloning also know as

Answer 1

Vegetative propagation

Question 2

What is vegetative propagation

Answer 2

A structure forms which develops into a fully differentiated plant
New plant is propagated from the stem leaf bud or root of the parent and eventually becomes independent from the parent

Question 3

Why does vegetative propagation involve perennating organs

Answer 3

Enables plants to survive adverse conditions
They contain stored food from photosynthesis and can remain dormant in the soil
They are a means of asexual reproduction and a way of surviving from one growing season to the next

Question 4

What does natural plant cloning occur in

Answer 4

Bulbs
Runners
Rhizomes
Stem tubers

Question 5

How does natural cloning happen in bulbs

Answer 5

Leaf bases swell with stored food from photosynthesis

The buds form internally which develops into new shoots and new plants

Question 6

How does natural cloning happen in runners

Answer 6

Lateral stem grows away from the parent plant and roots develop where the runner touches the ground and a new plant develops

Question 7

How does natural cloning happen in rhizomes

Answer 7

Specialised horizontal stem running underground often swelled with stored food
Buds develop and form new vertical shoots which become independent

Question 8

How does natural cloning happen in stem tubers

Answer 8

Tip of an underground stem becomes swollen with stored food to form a river or storage organ
Buds develop to produce new shoots

Question 9

How can you take plant cuttings for horticulture’s to clone plants

Answer 9

Short sections of stems are taken and planted either directly in the ground or in pots
Apply rooting hormone to the base of the cutting to encourage growth of new roots

Question 10

Why is propagation from cuttings advantagious hs iver using seeds
What is a disadvantage

Answer 10

Much faster
Guarantees the quality of the plants by taking cuttings from a good stock
Lack of genetic variation means if a new disease appeared

Question 11

What will increase the success rate of most cuttings

Answer 11

Use non flowering stem 
Make oblique cut in stem 
Using hormone rooting powder 
Keep cuttings well watered 
Reduce leaves to 2 or 4 
Cover cutting with plastic bag for a few days