2.2.1 Electron Structure Flashcards
What does the principal quantum number indicate?
The shell occupied by the electrons
What is a shell?
A group of orbitals with the same principal quantum number
How many electrons can the 1st shell hold?
2
How many electrons can the 2nd shell hold?
8
How many electrons can the 3rd shell hold?
18
How many electrons can the 4th shell hold?
32
What is an orbital?
A region around the nucleus that can hold up to two electrons with opposite spins
How many electrons can an orbital hold?
2
What are the 4 types of orbitals?
- s orbital
- p orbital
- d orbital
- f orbital
What is the shape of a s-orbital?
Spherical
What is the shape of a p-orbital?
Dumb-bell shape
How many orbitals are found in a S subshell?
1
How many electrons can be held in a S subshell
2
How many orbitals does P subshell have?
3
How many electrons can be held in a P subshell
6
How many orbitals are present in a D subshell?
5
How many electrons can be held in a D subshell?
10
How many orbitals are found in a F subshell?
7
How many electrons can fill F subshell?
14
When using ‘electrons in box’ representation, what shape is used to represent the electrons?
Arrows
What letter is used to represent shell number?
n
From which shell onwards is S orbital present?
n = 1
From which shell onwards is P-orbital present?
n = 2
From which shell onward is D-orbital present?
n = 3
From which shell onwards is F-orbital present?
n = 4
What are the rules by which electrons are arranged in the shell?
- Electrons are added one at a time
- Lowest available energy is filled first
- Each energy level must be filled before the next one can fill
- Each orbital is filled singularly before pairing
- 4s is filled before 3d
Why does 4s orbital fill before 3d orbital?
4s orbital has a lower enrgy than 3d before it is filled
What is the electron configuration of krypton?
1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁶
Which electrons are lost when an atom becomes a positive ion?
Electrons in the highest energy level
