22.1 Darwinian Revolution Flashcards

1
Q

What was Aristotle known for?

A

He found that life-forms could be arranged on a ladder, scala naturae.

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2
Q

What was Linnaeus known for?

A

He found that you can classify life’s diversity, developed the two-part, binomial format for naming species.

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3
Q

What is Strata?

A

Over time, new layers of sediment cover older ones and compress them into superimposed layers of rock, called strata.

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4
Q

What was Cuvier known for?

A

He defined catastrophism: the theory that the Earth has been affected in the past by sudden, short-lived, violent events, possibly worldwide in scope (contrast of gradualism).

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5
Q

What was Hutton known for?

A

He said that the Earth’s geological features could be explained by gradualism.

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6
Q

What was Lyell known for? (Plus what did he say about the Earth’s age?)

A
  • He stated that mechanisms change constantly over time (uniformitarianism).
  • He also stated that the Earth must be much older than the widely accepted age.
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7
Q

What were the 2 things Lamarck known for? (Plus what did he say about why evolution happens?)

A
  • Use and disuse will cause growth and deterioration, respectively, of parts of the body.
  • Inheritance of acquired traits
    ex. If a parent chopped off their finger, their child would be born missing a finger.
  • Evolution happens because organisms have an innate drive to become more complex.
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