2208 midterm mod 1 Flashcards by Johnmariv Rosales

transfer energy from one point to another

Waves

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where waves travel

line

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highest point

crest

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lowest point

trough

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power of wave

amplitude

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distance from a crest to another crest

wavelength

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when it has a highest point to lowest point it is called

One cycle or one oscillation

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describes all kinds of light, those human eye cant see

electromagnetic spectrum

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part of electromagnetic spectrum ranging 1Hz to 3000Ghz

Radio Frequency Spectrum

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electromagnetic waves in frequency range is called

radio waves

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what are the regulatory bodies

ITU( international telecommunications union)

NTC(National Telecommunications commission)

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Specialized agency for digital technologies.
Responsible for allocating the use of global radio spectrum and satellites orbits

ITU international telecommunications union

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Primary telecommunications regulator of the Philippines. Including allocation of
radio frequencies for different uses like mobile networks, broadcasting and
satellites communication

NTC - National Telecommunications Commission

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Ranges 3-30khz 100-10km
The band also known as the myriameter band or myriameter wave

Very Low Frequency

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applications of Very low frequency

morse code
earth signaling
submarine communication

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Ranges 30khz- 300khz
10-1km
Kilometer band or kilometer wave

Low frequency

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application of low frequency

Non directional beacon
Radio clocks
Differential Global Positioning System

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300 khz- 3mhz
1000km to 100m (10-1 hectometers)
Hectometer band

Medium Frequency

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applications of Medium frquency

AM radio broadcasting
NDB

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3-30Mghz
1-10 Decameter or 10-100 meters
Decameter band

High frequency

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application of High frequency

Long distance aircraft communication
Over the horizon radars
HF RFID

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30-300megahertz(Mhz)
Meter band
Wavelengths of 10-1 meter

Very High frequency

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application of very high frequency

FM radio Broadcasting
Marine VHF radio
Operation of RC aircraft
Walkie-talkie
MRI

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is the ITU designation for radio frequencies
Ranges between
300Mghz-3gigahertz
Decimeter band
Wavelength range one meter to one tenth of a meter

Ultra high frequency

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application of Ultra high frequency

Wifi Bluetooth Satellite phones ILS glide scope DME Military Aviation communication Air surveillance Radar

3 and 30 gigahertz Centimetre band or wave One to ten centimetres

super high frequency

applications of super high frequency

weather and military radars

30 to 300Ghz 10-1mm Millimeter band

extremely high frequency

application of extremely high frequency

Automotive radar Radio astronomy Intersatellite links

signaling methid whichh can alert an individual aircraft the a ground station wishes to communicate with it. -introduced 1957 -Signals can be transmitted over either HF or VHF RTF

SELCAL selective calling

is the registrar of SELCAL codes worldwide

Aviation Spectrum Resources ASRI

Communcation between aircraft and ground station via satellite. system transmit signal to satellite UPLINK Satellite signals back to Earth DOWNLINK

SATCOM satellite comminucation

An airborne system developed by the faa that operates independently from the ground based ATC systems Reduce risk of mid air collision of the aircraft

TCAS traffic alert and collision avoidance system

COLOR ON TCAS and meaining

White/Cyann- other traffic Amber/yellow – proximity traffic Red- Threat Traffic

shape on tcas and meaning

Circle – proximate traffic Diamond- other traffic Yellow Circle- Traffic Advisory TA Red Square – Resolution Advisory RA

when +22 what is the reading

2200 ft above the aircraft

when -13 what is the reading

-1300 ft below the aircraft

which aircraft, aerodrome vehicles and other objects can automatically transmit and/or receive data.

ADS-B Automatic dependent Surveillance Broadcast

ADS-B meaning

Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcasting

5 application of tcas

interrogation transponder reply threat assessment alert and advisories coordination

signals nearby a/c

interrogation

respond with info altitude

transponder reply

computer analizes reply

threat assessment

detects threat or non threat

alert and advisories

coordinate their resolution

coordination

data broadcast bay ads-b

precise location heading ground speed a/c identification rate of climb/descent aircraft type

is responsible for converting audio signals (e.g., speech, music) or data into radio-frequency electromagnetic waves.

TRANSMITTER

TRANSMITTER KEY ELEMENTS:

Oscillator: Modulator Amplifier:

captures and decodes radio signals.

receiver

RECEIVER PRIMARY COMPONENTS:

antenna tuner/filter demodulator amplifier

are critical for both transmission and reception.

antenna

ANTENNA COMMON TYPES:

dipole yagi-uda parabolic reflectors

POWER SUPPLY TYPICAL POWER SOURCES:

batteries amplifier power

Portable devices use DC power, while transmitters often rely on AC mains with rectifiers.

batterries

High-power transmitters (e.g., broadcasting towers) use specialized power amplifiers and cooling systems.

amplifier power

CONTROL AND INTERFACE SYSTEMS

frequency synthesizers user interfaces

It is the name of the group of frequencies in the VHF radio spectrum allocated for radio communication in civil aviation.

airband

e frequencies between 108 and 137 MHz.

VHF airband

As of 2012, most countries divide the upper 19 MHz into 760 channels for voice transmissions, on frequencies from _________ to _________, in steps of 25 kHz (COM Channels).

118 to 136.975 MHz

The primary modulation technique used in aviation radios is

AMPLITUDE MODULATION (AM) due to simplicity * power-efficiency * compatibility with legacy equipment * not susceptible to “capture effect”

TYPES OF RADIOS USED IN AVIATION

handheld panel mounted ground station

airband radios are portable and small enough to be carried. They usually have a shorter range than both panel-mounted or ground station radios and often come with around 6 watts of power

handheld

radios are typically found on aircraft and act in much the same way as a radio mounted in a vehicle on the ground. They are more powerful than handheld models, most using around 8 watts.

panel mounted

Radios on a desk in an airport and one in a vehicle serving a similar purpose. These radios are sometimes comparable to panel-mounted versions.

ground station

AIRCRAFT ANTENNAS

communication antennas uhf antennas nav antennas gps antenna marker beacon antenna elt antenna

are basic in operation. Each com transmitter has its own antenna, mostly for redundancy.

communication antenna

are commonly used for transponders and DME, and they are always found on the bottom of the aircraft. They are about four inches long,

uhf antennas

a is almost always mounted on the vertical tail, and there are three types:

nav antenna

three types of nav antenna

cat whisker, the dual blade, and the towel bar

satellites transmit less than five watts of power, so by the time the signal reaches you, it is very, very weak.

gps antenna

signals are highly directional, which means you have to be almost directly over the transmitting ground station to receive them

marker beacon antenna

They are designed to survive an “unscheduled” landing. They are almost always on the upper skin of the empennage and are made of a flexible material.

elt antenna