Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Fundamentals > 220-bowel elimination > Flashcards

220-bowel elimination Flashcards

1
Q

factor influencing bowel elimination

A

age
daily patterns
diet anf fuld intake
activity and exercise
medications
psychological factors
surgery and anesthesia
diagnostic test
diagnosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

how does age effect bowl elimination?

A

older you are more trouble you have

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how does diet and fluid intake effect bowl elimination?

A

can improve it or make it worse
need 20-30g of fiber daily
2-3L of water daily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how does medication effect bowel elimination?

A

Narcotics slow it down, constipation is very common with narcotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how does surgery and anesthesia effect bowel elimination?

A

everything stops

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what kind of diagnosis effects bowel elimination?

A

Peripheral neuropathy in bowels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is involved in a GI assessment?

A

inspect abdomen
auscultate bowel sounds
palpate abdomen
inspect anus and stool

See if the abdomen is soft and non tender

If your patient is on Nasal Gastric suction, turn the suction off to auscultate the BS
We are inspecting the anus for hemorrhoids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is considered when assessing stool?

A

Occurrence
volume
color
oder
consistency.
shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

how much stool is needed for a culture and sensitivity?

A

1in or 15-30 mL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is occult blood/guaiac?

A

a test that can be used to dent blood that cannot be seen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is considered direct visualization?

A

colonoscopy
sigmoidoscopy
wireless capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is considered indirect visualization?

A

barium enema
barium swallow
CT
ultrasound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

constipation

A

Constipation is dry, hard stool

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

impaction

A

Impaction is hard immovable mass of stool in the rectum or higher.

***remember that absence of stool in the rectum does not rule out impaction. Fecal impaction causes increased pressure in the colon resulting in necrosis of the wall and eventually ulceration and perforation. The distal colon has a relatively poor blood supply making it more susceptible to necrosis from stool impaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

diarrhea

A

Diarrhea is liquid stool from food passing through the intestines rapidly before water is absorbed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

incontinence

A

Incontinence is an inability to control bowel sphincters or an inability to tell if they have to have a bowel movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

hemorrhoids

A

Hemorrhoids are distended veins in the rectal folds/internal or external

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

small bowel obstruction

A

Small bowl obstruction a stoppage of peristalsis that can last days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

bulk forming

A

form bulk within the lumen of colon, creates pressure and causes contractions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

stool softener

A

These mild laxatives soften dry, hard stool with water that they pull into the stool from the intestine, making it easier to push out the stool.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Lubricant

A

These oily laxatives coat the surface of the stool to retain stool fluid and make it easier to push out the stool.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

stimulant

A

Stimulant laxatives trigger the intestines to contract and push out the stool.

23
Q

saline osmotic laxative

A

Osmotic laxatives draw water into the bowel from the surrounding tissues to soften stools and increase bowel movement frequency.

24
Q

fecal impaction

A

compacted immoveable mass of feces

(the absence of stool in the rectum does not rule out impaction)

25
Q

treatment for impaction

A

digital disimpaction
enemas

26
Q

digital impaction

A

patient in left lateral position
double glove
lubrication
break up the mass with finger and remove chunks

(do not use on cardiac patients)

27
Q

tap water enema

A

500-1000 mL (instill slowly)

distends intestine, increases peristalsis, softens stool

28
Q

normal saline enema

A

500-1000 mL

distends intestine, increases peristalsis, softens stool

29
Q

soap subs enema

A

500-1000 mL

distends intestine, irritates intestinal mucosa, softens stool

30
Q

Fleets hypertonic

A

70-130 mL

distends intestine, irritates intestinal mucosa

31
Q

oil retention

A

150-200 mL

lubricates stool and intestinal mucosa

32
Q

key points to an enema

A

left lateral position
lubrication of tube
assess for bowel perforation after

33
Q

bowel perforation signs

A

acute abdominal pain
rectal pain and bleeding
back pain
fever

34
Q

bowel perforation facts

A

often fatal
patient die of peritonitis/sepsis

35
Q

two causes of bowel peroration

A

fecal impaction and enemas

36
Q

treatment of diarrhea

A

get a culture to determine the cause and find things that could contribute to the cause

37
Q

drugs that decrease GI mobility

A

atropine
Imodium
paregoric
lomotil

38
Q

absorbent drugs

A

kaopectate

39
Q

Antimicrobial drugs

A

peto-bismol

40
Q

what to do if pathogen comes back?

A

hydrate and let to run it’s course. you do not want to change anything.

41
Q

fecal incontinence treatment

A

bowel training programs
retal tubes
external appliances

42
Q

bowel training programs

A

pelvic floor training
diet (fluid, fiber, mobility)

43
Q

rectal tubes are used for

A

runny stool

44
Q

external appliances for fecal incontinence

A

skin protection
peri wash
per shield ointment

45
Q

bowel diversions

A

colostomy
ileostomy

46
Q

ileostomy

A

ileostomy redirects part of the small intestine to a stoma

47
Q

colostomy

A

colostomy redirects the large intestine (colon) to a stoma

48
Q

formation of stool with bag placement

A

depending colon placement the should be. more formed compared to small intestine or ascending colon placement should be more runny

49
Q

Stoma care

A

assessment
skin care
appliance
application
dietary teaching

50
Q

dietary teaching for stoma care

A

No pops, beer, smelly foods like eggs, nuts will cause blockage.

Probiotics are good deodorizer

51
Q

colon rectal caner signs

A

often no signs
changes in bowel habits
blood in stool
constant need to void
weakness and fatigue
cramping and abdominal pain
unintended weight loss

52
Q

how often for colon rectal caner screening?

A

10 years unless high risk then 3-5 years
starting at age 45

53
Q

colon rectal caner risk factors

A

smoking
genetics
diets high in red meats

Fundamentals (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions