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220-266 Flashcards

1
Q

What is pulsus bisfiriens?

A

It’s not the same as pulsus paradoxus… It’s a biphasic aortic pulse typically associated with AI

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2
Q

What abdominal vascular pathology causes a systolic-diastolic bruit?

A

Renal artery stenosis (AAA is usually systolic)

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3
Q

What part of the spine does RA usually involve, if any?

A

Cervical

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4
Q

What is the first step after an abnormal amniocentesis?

A

Ultrasound

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5
Q

What is the treatment for Tourette’s?

A

Typical antipsychotics such as haloperidol or pimozide

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6
Q

What’s the preferred treatment for social phobias?

A

Assertiveness training (not supportive therapy) and SSRIs (not propranolol)

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7
Q

How can you distinguish pinealoma and craniopharyngioma on exam?

A

Pinealoma causes paralysis of upward and downward gaze, whereas craniopharyngeoma causes bitemporal hemianopsia

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8
Q

What medicine other than lasix is effective at relieving dyspnea secondary to cardiogenic edema?

A

Nitrates

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9
Q

What is G6PD activity during a hemolytic crisis in a patient with G6PD deficiency?

A

Normal

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10
Q

What CBC abnormality is associated with RCC? What vascular pathology?

A

Polycythemia, unilateral varicocele

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11
Q

How do you distinguish IgA GN from PSGN on the basis of clinical presentation and laboratory values?

A

IgA: 5 days after infection, normal complement
PSGN: 10-21 days after infection, low complement

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12
Q

How do you treat SIADH?

A

Fluid restriction if mild, hypertonic saline if not.

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13
Q

What is the clinical manifestation of hypocalcemia due to hypoalbuminemia?

A

It is asymptomatic

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14
Q

What is the most important diagnostic criteria for dementia?

A

Impairment of ADLs

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15
Q

What is the treatment for incidental, asymptomatic cholelithiasis?

A

Nothing

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16
Q

What medication that does not necessarily ablate the headache is useful in treating acute migraines?

A

Prochlorperazine

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17
Q

What medication should be given only after a four hour window following viagra administration?

A

Doxazosin

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18
Q

What is the means of securing an airway in a patient with cervical spine injury?

A

Orotracheal intubation

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19
Q

When do you give tetanus Ig?

A

Only if the patient has had a total of less than three doses of Td

20
Q

What are the clinical features of beta blocker overdose?

A

Bradycardia, AV block, HoTN, diffuse wheezing after a suicide attempt

21
Q

What is necessary to diagnose Kawasaki’s other than the fever/LAD/rash?

A

Involvement of periphery or conjunctivitis

22
Q

Treatment for complicated diverticulitis (abscess)?

A

CT-guided drainiage

23
Q

Signs and symptoms of cerebral palsy?

A

Hypotonia, hyperactive DTRs, learning disabilities

24
Q

What are clinical features of aromatase deficiency?

A

Increased FSH/LH ratio, low estrogel, clitoral hypertrophy, normal internal genitalia with ambiguous external genitalia

25
Q

What is the first manifestation of diabetic nephropathy?

A

Glomerular hyperfiltration

26
Q

Fundoscopic findings associated with retinal detachment vs vitreous hemorrhage?

A

Detach: elevated retina

Vitreous hemorrhage: loss of fundus details, floating debris, dark red glow

27
Q

What are clinical features of post-cholecystectomy syndrome and how do you manage it?

A

Persistent abdominal pain or dyspepsia following cholecystectomy. Do the ultrasound and then go to ERCP

28
Q

Most likely cause of contrast-enhancing liver lesions in an HIV patient?

A

Bacillary angiomatosis

29
Q

How do you manage S viridians SBE if it’s susceptible to PCN?

A

IV PCN or ceftriaxone

30
Q

How do you distinguish cyclosporine toxicity from tacrolimus toxicity?

A

Cyclosporine is neurotoxic in addition to being nephrotoxic

31
Q

What is adrenarche?

A

Appearance of isolated axillary hair (no pubes)

32
Q

How does cold water immersion primarily affect PSVT?

A

Decreasing AV nodal conductivity

33
Q

What does the presence of a succusion splash imply?

A

Gastric outlet obstruction

34
Q

Is isolated proximal muscle involvement typical of myasthenia gravis?

A

No

35
Q

What clinical feature is present in epiglottitis but classically not in croup?

A

Drooling

36
Q

What is rationalization? How does it contrast with intellectualization?

A

When you offer a rational explanation for an event rather than what actually is causing it. Intellectualization is when you delve into the intellectual minutiae of an issue rather than actually address it.

37
Q

How is SCFE managed?

A

Surgical pinning

38
Q

What is a retrospective cohort trial?

A

When the trial starts in between the exposure and the outcome that are being studied

39
Q

What is implied when there is an obstructive pattern on PFTs with an increase in FRC?

A

Chest wall motion restriction

40
Q

What is adhesive capsulitis and how do you distinguish it from rotator cuff impingement?

A

Adhesive capsulitis is pain with rotating the shoulder, cannot lift it above the head. It will not improve with steroid injection, whereas rotator cuff impingement will

41
Q

Which is a criteria for malignant HTN: DBP>120 or presence of retinal hemorrhages?

A

Retinal hemorrhages

42
Q

How do you distinguish Dubin-Johnson syndrome from Rotor syndrome?

A

Both are conjugated hyperbilirubinemias, but Dubin-Johnson will have a dark pigment in the liver

43
Q

What is the next step in management for pyelonephritis that does not respond to antibiotics?

A

Renal ultrasound

44
Q

What HIV medication is associated with an increased risk of renal calculi?

A

Indinavir

45
Q

What is the CD4 cutoff for administering the MMR vaccine?

A

> 200

46
Q

What’s seen on ultrasound in a missed Ab?

A

Dead fetus still inside the womb

47
Q

What bacterial infections are iron overload a risk factor for?

A

Yersinia, Listeria, Vibrio

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