2.2 The internet

Question 1

Internet

Answer 1

massive network of networks
made up of devices
uses TCP/IP communication protocols

Question 2

World Wide Web (WWW)

Answer 2

collection of multimedia web pages stored on a website which uses the internet to access information from servers and other computers

Question 3

HyperText Mark-up Language (HTML)

Answer 3

used to design web pages and to write http(s) protocols, for example

Question 4

Uniform resource locator (URL)

Answer 4

specifies location of a web page

Question 5

Web browser

Answer 5

software that connects to DNS to locate IP addresses

interprets web pages sent to a user’s computer so that documents and multimedia can be read or watched/listened to

Question 6

Internet Service Provider (ISP)

Answer 6

company which allows a user to connect to the internet

will usually charge a monthly fee for the service they provide

Question 7

Public switched telephone network (PSTN)

Answer 7

network used by traditional telephones when making calls or when sending taxes

Question 8

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP)

Answer 8

converts voice and webcam images to digital packages to be sent over the internet

Question 9

Internet protocol (IP)

Answer 9

used IPv4 or IPv6 to give addresses to devices connected to the internet

Question 10

IPv4

Answer 10

IP address format which uses 32 bits

such as 200.21.100.6

Question 11

Classless inter-domain routine (CIDR)

Answer 11

increases IPv4 flexibility by adding a suffix to the IP address
such as 200.21.100.8/18

Question 12

IPv6

Answer 12

newer IP address format which uses 128 bits

such as A8F0:7FFF:F0F1:F000:3DD0:256A:22FF:AA00

Question 13

Zero compression

Answer 13

way of reducing the length of an IPv6 address by replacing groups of zeros by a double colon
can only applied once to an address to avoid ambiguity

Question 14

Sub-netting

Answer 14

practice of dividing networks into two or more sub-networks

Question 15

Private IP address

Answer 15

an IP address reserved for internal network user behind a router

Question 16

Public IP address

Answer 16

an IP address allocated by the user’s ISP to identify the location of their device in the internet

Question 17

Domain name service (DNS)

Answer 17

gives domain names for internet hosts

a system for finding IP addresses of a domain name

Question 18

JavaScript

Answer 18

object-orientated (or scripting) programming language used mainly in the web to enhance HTML pages

Question 19

PHP

Answer 19

hypertext processor

an HTML-embedded scripting language used to write web pages