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Computer Science > 2.1 Networking > Flashcards

2.1 Networking Flashcards

1
Q

ARPAnet

A

Advanced Research Projects Agency Network

foundation of the Internet

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2
Q

WAN

A

wide area network

cover a very large geographical area

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3
Q

LAN

A

local area network

cover a small area such as a single building)

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4
Q

MAN

A

metropolitan area network
larger than a LAN but smaller than a WAN
can cover several buildings in a single city such as a university campus)

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5
Q

File server

A

a server on a network where central files and other data are stored
can be accessed by a user logged onto the network

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6
Q

Hub

A

hardware used to connect together a number of devices to form a LAN that directs incoming data packets to all devices on the network (LAN)

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7
Q

Switch

A

hardware used to connect together a number of devices to form a LAN that directs incoming data packets to a specific destination address only

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8
Q

Router

A

device which enables data packets to be routed between different networks
for example, joining LANs to form a WAN

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9
Q

Modem

A

modulator demodulator

a device that converts digital data to analogue data (to be sent down a telephone wire), and vice versa

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10
Q

WLAN

A

wireless LAN

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11
Q

(W)AP

A

(wireless) access point

allows a device to access a LAN without a wired connection

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12
Q

PAN

A

network that is centered around a person or their workspace

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13
Q

Client-server

A

network that uses separate dedicated servers and specific client workstations
all client computers are connected to the dedicated servers

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14
Q

Spread spectrum technology

A

wideband radio frequency with a range of 30 to 50 meters

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15
Q

Node

A

device connected to a network

can be a computer, storage device or peripheral device

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16
Q

Peer-to-peer

A

network in which each node can share its files with all the other nodes
each node has its own data
there is no central server

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17
Q

Thin client

A

device that needs access to the internet for it to work and depends on a more powerful computer for processing

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18
Q

Thick client

A

device which can work both offline and online

is able to do some processing even if not connected to a network or internet

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19
Q

Bus network topology

A

network using single central cable in which all devices are connected to this cable so data can only travel in one direction
only one device is allowed to transmit at a time

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20
Q

Packet

A

message/data sent over a network from node to node

21
Q

Start network topology

A

a network that uses a central hub/switch with all devices connected to this central hub/switch so all data packets are directed through central hub/switch

22
Q

Mesh network topology

A

a network in which the devices are interlinked

there are two types (routing and flooding)

23
Q

Hybrid network topology

A

network made up of a combination of other network topologies

24
Q

Cloud storage

A

method of data storage where data is stored on off-site servers

25
Data redundancy
situation in which the same data is stored on several servers in case of maintenance or repair
26
Wi-Fi
wireless connectivity that uses radio waves and microwaves | implements IEEE 802.11 protocols
27
Bluetooth
wireless connectivity that uses radio waves in the 2.45GHz frequency band
28
Spread spectrum frequency hopping
a method of transmitting radio signals in which a device picks one of 79 channels at random if the chosen channel is already in use then another channel is randomly chosen has a range up to 100m
29
WPAN
wireless personal area network | a local wireless network which connects devices in very close proximity
30
Twisted pair cable
type of cable in which two wires of a single circuit are twisted together several twisted pairs make up a single cable
31
Coaxial cable
cable made up of central copper core, insulation, copper mesh and outer insulation
32
Fibre optic cable
cable made up of glass fibre wires which use pulses of light (rather than electricity) to transmit data
33
Gateway
device that connects LANs with use different protocols
34
Repeater
device used to boost a signal on both wired and wireless networks
35
Repeating hubs
network devices which are a hybrid of hub and repeater unit
36
Bridge
device that connects LANs which use the same protocols
37
Softmodem
abbreviation for software modem | a software-based modem that uses minimal hardware
38
NIC
network interface card allow devices to connect to a network/internet usually associated with a MAC address set at the factory
39
WNIC
wireless network interface cards/controllers
40
Ethernet
protocol IEEE 802.3 used by many wires LANs
41
Conflict
situation in which two devices have the same IP address
42
Broadcast
communication where pieces of data are sent from sender to receiver
43
Collision
situation in which two messages/data from different sources are trying to transmit along the same data channel
44
CSMA/CD
carrier sense multiple access with collision detection | a method used to detect collisions and resolve the issue
45
Bit streaming
contiguous sequence of digital bits sent over a network/internet
46
Buffering
store which holds data temporarily
47
Bit rate
number of bits per second that can be transmitted over the network a measure of the data transfer rate over a digital telecoms network
48
On demand (bit streaming)
steam that allows users to stream video or music files from a central server as and when required without having to save the files on their own device
49
Real-time (bit streaming)
system in which an event is captured by camera (and microphone) connected to a computer and sent to a server where the data is encoded the user can access the data ' as it happens' live

Computer Science (24 decks)

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