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Computer Science > 2.1 Networking > Flashcards

2.1 Networking Flashcards

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1
Q

ARPAnet

A

Advanced Research Projects Agency Network

foundation of the Internet

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2
Q

WAN

A

wide area network

cover a very large geographical area

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3
Q

LAN

A

local area network

cover a small area such as a single building)

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4
Q

MAN

A

metropolitan area network
larger than a LAN but smaller than a WAN
can cover several buildings in a single city such as a university campus)

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5
Q

File server

A

a server on a network where central files and other data are stored
can be accessed by a user logged onto the network

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6
Q

Hub

A

hardware used to connect together a number of devices to form a LAN that directs incoming data packets to all devices on the network (LAN)

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7
Q

Switch

A

hardware used to connect together a number of devices to form a LAN that directs incoming data packets to a specific destination address only

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8
Q

Router

A

device which enables data packets to be routed between different networks
for example, joining LANs to form a WAN

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9
Q

Modem

A

modulator demodulator

a device that converts digital data to analogue data (to be sent down a telephone wire), and vice versa

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10
Q

WLAN

A

wireless LAN

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11
Q

(W)AP

A

(wireless) access point

allows a device to access a LAN without a wired connection

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12
Q

PAN

A

network that is centered around a person or their workspace

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13
Q

Client-server

A

network that uses separate dedicated servers and specific client workstations
all client computers are connected to the dedicated servers

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14
Q

Spread spectrum technology

A

wideband radio frequency with a range of 30 to 50 meters

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15
Q

Node

A

device connected to a network

can be a computer, storage device or peripheral device

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16
Q

Peer-to-peer

A

network in which each node can share its files with all the other nodes
each node has its own data
there is no central server

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17
Q

Thin client

A

device that needs access to the internet for it to work and depends on a more powerful computer for processing

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18
Q

Thick client

A

device which can work both offline and online

is able to do some processing even if not connected to a network or internet

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19
Q

Bus network topology

A

network using single central cable in which all devices are connected to this cable so data can only travel in one direction
only one device is allowed to transmit at a time

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20
Q

Packet

A

message/data sent over a network from node to node

21
Q

Start network topology

A

a network that uses a central hub/switch with all devices connected to this central hub/switch so all data packets are directed through central hub/switch

22
Q

Mesh network topology

A

a network in which the devices are interlinked

there are two types (routing and flooding)

23
Q

Hybrid network topology

A

network made up of a combination of other network topologies

24
Q

Cloud storage

A

method of data storage where data is stored on off-site servers

25
Q

Data redundancy

A

situation in which the same data is stored on several servers in case of maintenance or repair

26
Q

Wi-Fi

A

wireless connectivity that uses radio waves and microwaves

implements IEEE 802.11 protocols

27
Q

Bluetooth

A

wireless connectivity that uses radio waves in the 2.45GHz frequency band

28
Q

Spread spectrum frequency hopping

A

a method of transmitting radio signals in which a device picks one of 79 channels at random
if the chosen channel is already in use then another channel is randomly chosen
has a range up to 100m

29
Q

WPAN

A

wireless personal area network

a local wireless network which connects devices in very close proximity

30
Q

Twisted pair cable

A

type of cable in which two wires of a single circuit are twisted together
several twisted pairs make up a single cable

31
Q

Coaxial cable

A

cable made up of central copper core, insulation, copper mesh and outer insulation

32
Q

Fibre optic cable

A

cable made up of glass fibre wires which use pulses of light (rather than electricity) to transmit data

33
Q

Gateway

A

device that connects LANs with use different protocols

34
Q

Repeater

A

device used to boost a signal on both wired and wireless networks

35
Q

Repeating hubs

A

network devices which are a hybrid of hub and repeater unit

36
Q

Bridge

A

device that connects LANs which use the same protocols

37
Q

Softmodem

A

abbreviation for software modem

a software-based modem that uses minimal hardware

38
Q

NIC

A

network interface card
allow devices to connect to a network/internet
usually associated with a MAC address set at the factory

39
Q

WNIC

A

wireless network interface cards/controllers

40
Q

Ethernet

A

protocol IEEE 802.3 used by many wires LANs

41
Q

Conflict

A

situation in which two devices have the same IP address

42
Q

Broadcast

A

communication where pieces of data are sent from sender to receiver

43
Q

Collision

A

situation in which two messages/data from different sources are trying to transmit along the same data channel

44
Q

CSMA/CD

A

carrier sense multiple access with collision detection

a method used to detect collisions and resolve the issue

45
Q

Bit streaming

A

contiguous sequence of digital bits sent over a network/internet

46
Q

Buffering

A

store which holds data temporarily

47
Q

Bit rate

A

number of bits per second that can be transmitted over the network
a measure of the data transfer rate over a digital telecoms network

48
Q

On demand (bit streaming)

A

steam that allows users to stream video or music files from a central server as and when required without having to save the files on their own device

49
Q

Real-time (bit streaming)

A

system in which an event is captured by camera (and microphone) connected to a computer and sent to a server where the data is encoded
the user can access the data ‘ as it happens’ live

Computer Science (24 decks)

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