2.2: The Endocrine System Flashcards

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1
Q

Endocrine System

A

Our body’s chemical communication system.

It operates through glands that secrete hormones through our bloodstream.

These hormones travel to the specified organ and bind to the receptor, where a desired response is created.

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2
Q

Pituitary Gland

A

Known as the master gland; located in our brain and is controlled by the hypothalamus.

It’s in charge of things such as metabolism, emotion, sleep, and blood pressure.

As you can tell, it’s one of the most important systems in our body.

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3
Q

Components of the Endocrine System That Can Be Located in Very Different Locations:

A
  • Endocrine glands (pineal gland, hypothalamus, and pituitary gland) in your brain.
  • Thyroid and parathyroids in your neck.
  • Adrenal glands near your kidney.
  • Pancreas near your stomach.
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4
Q

Hormones

A

Operate identically to neurotransmitters; therefore, our endocrine and nervous system work closely with one another.

However, since the messages of the endocrine system travel through our bloodstream, they are slower than the fast electrochemical messages of the nervous system.

They also last longer than the nervous system, as hormones take a while to dissipate from our bloodstream.

Hormones also play a huge role in human development.

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5
Q

Pineal Gland

A

Produces melatonin and helps regulate your circadian rhythm.

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6
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Controls the pituitary gland and is very significant in our endocrine system.

It releases hormones and has a lot to do with the “4 Fs:” Fighting, Fleeing, Feeding, Mating.

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7
Q

Pituitary Gland

A

Controls growth and produces/releases hormones such as oxytocin, which promotes pair bonding and social trust.

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8
Q

Thyroid Gland

A

For AP Psych, all you should know about this gland is that it affects metabolism.

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9
Q

Parathyroids

A

They simply regulate the level of calcium in your blood.

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10
Q

Adrenal Glands

A

These glands trigger our flight or fight responses.

They also release epinephrine (better known as adrenaline) and norepinephrine.

This is connected to the automatic nervous system, the part of the nervous system that controls our involuntary responses.

During a flight or fight response, the heart rate or blood pressure is affected.

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11
Q

Pancreas

A

Regulates the level of blood sugar and releases a hormone called insulin.

It also helps with digestion

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12
Q

Testis and Ovaries

A

Reproductive organs in the male and female, respectively.

They both release sex hormones to promote growth.

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