2.2 - Tata Britain

Question 1

Why do some deindustrialised regions in developed countries face social and environmental problems?

Answer 1

These problems are the result of economic restructuring (dereliction, contamination, depopulation, crime and high unemployment)

Question 2

What is the global shift?

Answer 2

Relocation of industrial / manufacturing activity to South East Asia and other NICs

Question 3

What are some reasons why TNCs outsource to developing countries?

Answer 3

Call centres, cheap labour

Question 4

What are ways globalisation can be spread around the world?

Answer 4

Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport, Jawaharlal Nehru Port, Arabian Sea, South China Sea, Indian Railways

Question 5

How many jobs were lost in Scunthorpe?

Answer 5

2,200

Question 6

How many jobs were lost in Redcar?

Answer 6

900

Question 7

What happened in Scunthorpe and Redcar?

Answer 7

Iron/Steel industry moved abroad to Thailand and India - SSI (Thailand) and Tata (India) so jobs were lost in the UK and Scunthorpe and Redcar faced deindustrialisation

Question 8

What are some local towns in Scunthorpe that were majorly affected?

Answer 8

• Grimsby - still recovering from 20 year losses
• Cleethorpes
• Immingham (Port) - 15 year deal for specialist coal and iron-ore loading

Question 9

Scunthorpe and Redcar can be described as _____ towns.

Answer 9

Ghost towns, due to them being deserted towns with few or no remaining inhabitants.

Question 10

By what % did the UK’s iron and steel production decline by?

Answer 10

90%

Question 11

What is free trade?

Answer 11

• Ability to import/export freely between countries, without tariff barriers
• The WTO is able to negotiate

Question 12

What is deindustrialisation?

Answer 12

Decline of manufacturing, for many factors

Question 13

What does post industrial mean?

Answer 13

Change from industrial to tertiary / quaternary / quinary sector jobs and associated services

Question 14

What does the Clark Fisher Model show?

Answer 14

It is a model of economic change over time, reflecting job types

Question 15

What are externalities?

Answer 15

Benefits and costs of economic change and growth, e.g. pollution / jobs

Question 16

What is the spiral of decline?

Answer 16

Old factories close in the inner-city area, land becomes derelict, jobs are lost and so people leave the inner city, fewer services are needed so shops and schools close. More jobs are lost this way and more people leave. The people who stay are elderly people or from low-income groups. Little money gets put into the area so it becomes more run down. There will be more crime and vandalism so QoL gets worse.

Question 17

Which city in Michigan, USA has also been caught in the spiral of decline?

Answer 17

Detroit

Question 18

What has happened in Detroit?

Answer 18

High unemployment, crime (gun-crime and drug related crimes), depopulation due to white flight, dereliction