2.2 Naming Ionic Compounds Flashcards

1
Q

Whats an ionic compound?

A

Metal and non metal

NaCl

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2
Q

Polyatomic ion = one portion is covalently bonded

A
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3
Q

Binary molecular compounds
* covalently bonded 2 (bi) compounds
* These are both nonmetals

A
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4
Q

typically we only name acids after they’re dissolved in water and are aq

A
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5
Q

Acids - I think these always start w/ H

Binary acids - typically just 1 other element
* HCl (so the acid is H w/ 1 other element)
* This is a combination of 2 non metals (H is not considered a metal)

Oxyacids - an inorganic acid whose molecules contain oxygen
* Oxyanions associated w/ it
* H2SO4
* so the polyatomic is an oxyanion (has oxygen and is negatively charged) - even though this is still covalently bonded

A
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6
Q

Naming Ionic compound

NaCl = Sodium Chloride

Name the cation first (metal)
Name the anion second (non metal)

For the anion we add the ide ending
* so chlorine turns into chloride

A
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7
Q

Group 7 atoms typically have a negative 1 charge. This is because they fill their valence shell to 8 (octet rule) from 7, which means gaining 1 electron

For isntance its Cl-

They want as many electrons as the nearest noble gas

metals on the other hand want to lose electrons to drop their valence electrons down to the lower 1
* thats why metals get +1 and +2 charges in the first 2 groups

however, transition metals are harder to predict
* these can take on multiple charges

A
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8
Q

Ionic compounds should have no overall charge

A
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9
Q

CuCl

Well Cu can take on multiple charges however, Cl is always -1, meaning we can predict Cu because ionic compounds always neutralize

Cu = +1, Cl = -1 = CuCl

Copper Cloride
* added ide

A
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10
Q

CuCl2

Well now we know the two Cl-‘s have bound to a Cu meaning the Cu must have a +2 charge. Now since Cu is a transition metal that means it can take on multiple charges, meaning we can’t just name it Copper Chloride. We need to be able to dilinaite it from other ionic compounds that could carry different charges but be named the same way

Put a roman numeral w/ the charge of the cation in the roman numbers

Copper (II) Chloride is the correct name for this
* I think I pretty much always do this for transition metals

can’t just name these two the exact same way

A
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11
Q

Ag (silver) is a transition metal. However, unlike most of the others it always has the same charge. What is it?

A

+1

Makes sense its 2 groups the left of the +3 charges. Can look at a periodic table

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12
Q

Zn and Cd are transition metals, however, unlike the others they always carry the same charge. What is it?

A

+2

makes sense, they’re 1 to the left of the +3 charges

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13
Q

Al always carries the same charge (I think its considered a transition metal) What is it?

A

+3

makes sense its one to the left of carbons row which is +4

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14
Q

So for Ag+1, Cd+2, Zn+2, Al+3 since these are stable transition metals that dont ever have different charges we dont add roman numerals into their ionic compound name.

A
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15
Q
A
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16
Q

most of the transition metals have 2 primary charges they carry

17
Q

Oxidation state = how many electrons they have

Copper(I) Chloride
* For the lower oxidation state (in this case the transition metal is +1 - use the term Cuprous Chloride
* add the ous suffix

Copper(II) Chloride
* add the suffix ic
* Cupric chloride

18
Q

NH4Br

This is all nonmetal, however it has an ammonium cation in it

NH4-
Br+

Ammonium bromide

19
Q

CuSO4

name this

A

SO4^2- = anion

means Cu must have a -2 charge
* cation

Copper(II)Sulfide

20
Q

RULE: if you’re naming a compound w/ a polyatomic ion in it - you can automatically know its an ionic compound

21
Q
A

So we dont pick di even though theres two of them. We don’t have to state how many there are because it will be known dpending on the charge on S

22
Q
A

So the trick here is knowing that you don’t change the suffix of the polyatomic ion when it comes second. So you wouldnt add ide

magnesium sulfite

23
Q
A

key is knowing that theres -6 on oxygen. since theres 2Fe each one must have +3 to even it out.

24
Q
A

TiO2

Makes sense.
* Ti = 4+ charge (found from roman numeral)
* O = -2, however there must be 2 oxygens to fully balance the ionic compound and make it neutral

25
Q
A

Na = Na+

Dichromate = polyatomic ion
* Cr^2O7^2-