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2.2 Lesson Flashcards

Telling time, days, months, and ordinal numbers

1
Q

Translate to Spanish.

It is time to eat breakfast; are you going to cook for us?

A

Es hora de desayunar; ¿vas a cocinar para nosotros?

time - la hora. La hora literally means “the hour”

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2
Q

Translate to Spanish.

What time is it?

A

¿Qué hora es?

What time is it? - ¿Qué hora es?. In some countries, you may also hear people use the plural ¿Qué horas son?

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3
Q

Translate to Spanish.

It is eight o’clock in the morning

A

Son las ocho de la mañana

It is __ o’clock - Son las ___. Note that the conjugation of the verb ser must agree with the number it if referring to. “It is one o’clock” would be Es la una

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4
Q

Translate to Spanish.

It is nine twenty-five (9:25) in the morning

A

Son las nueve y veinticinco de la mañana

It is __:___ - Son las __ y __. Note that, when spoken, the hours and minutes of time are separated by the conjunction y

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5
Q

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The class begins at two in the afternoon

A

La clase empieza a las dos de la tarde

afternoon - la tarde. Remember to use the article la. Tarde by itself means “late”

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6
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Why are you awake at four in the morning?

A

¿Por qué estás despierto a las cuatro de la madrugada?

before dawn - la madrugada

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7
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Maricarmen is asleep because it is one fifteen (1:15) in the morning

A

Maricarmen está dormida porque es la una y cuarto de la mañana

it is __ 15 - son las / es la __ y cuarto. Note that cuarto also means “a quarter” and that Spanish speakers generally say cuarto instead of quince when speaking of time

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8
Q

Translate to Spanish.

It is three thirty (3:30) and I am very hungry; do you want to eat lunch?

A

Son las tres y media y tengo mucha hambre; ¿quieres almorzar?

It is __ thirty - son las / es la __ y media

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9
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I want less food

A

Quiero menos comida

minus, less - menos

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10
Q

Translate to Spanish.

It is two forty-five (2:45); where is your sister?

A

Son las tres menos cuarto; ¿dónde está tu hermana?

it is __45 - son las/es la __menos cuarto. Note that you literally say “It is three minus a quarter”. You usually tell the time for minutes 31-59 by counting backwards from the next full hour

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11
Q

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There are only sixteen students in the classroom, so two are missing

A

Sólo hay dieciséis estudiantes en la clase, entonces faltan dos

to be missing, to lack - faltar. Note that faltar is conjugated like any regular -ar ending verb. Faltar is used when aiming toward a goal. When conveying how much is left when taken from an original whole, use quedar

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12
Q

Translate to Spanish.

There are 10 minutes left before six (5:50), do you want to go to the restaurant?

A

Faltan diez para las séis, ¿quieres ir al restaurante?

__minutes left - faltar + __ + para. Note that this is an alternative construction to subtracting minutes from the hour

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13
Q

Translate to Spanish.

He has a lack of respect

A

Tiene una falta de respeto

a lack - una falta

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14
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I am going to travel from New York to Washington in four hours

A

Voy a viajar desde Nueva York hasta Washington en cuatro horas

from (place) to (place) - desde (lugar) hasta (lugar)

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15
Q

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She is asleep since yesterday

A

Ella está dormida desde ayer

from (time), since - desde. Note that desde means “since” when talking about time, and it means “from” when talking about space or distance

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16
Q

Translate to Spanish.

It has been raining for three hours

A

Hace tres horas que está lloviendo

to have been __ for (time) - hace (tiempo) que. This is usually the preferred way of expressing duration in Spanish. The direct translation is more like: “It makes 3 hours that it is raining.”

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17
Q

Translate to Spanish.

It is nine at night

A

Son las nueve de la noche

night - la noche

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18
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Is it noon in México?

A

¿Es mediodía en México?

noon - el mediodía

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19
Q

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It is midnight and the baby is awake. Tomorrow is not going to be a good day

A

Es medianoche y el bebé está despierto. Mañana no va a ser un buen día

midnight - la medianoche

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20
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I always go out with my friends at night

A

Siempre salgo con mis amigos de noche

at night - de noche. Be careful not to confuse de noche (“at night”) with anoche (“last night”)

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21
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Jaime is going to pass by my house

A

Jaime va a pasar por mi casa

to pass - pasar

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22
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Time passes by very quickly

A

El tiempo pasa muy rápido

time - el tiempo. Note that tiempo is used when you want to talk about “time” as an entity, as in “Time goes by slowly”. Hora is used when you mean a more specific period of time, as in “It is time to eat”, Es hora de comer.

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23
Q

Translate to Spanish.

You never arrive on time

A

Nunca llegas a tiempo

on time - a tiempo

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24
Q

Translate to Spanish.

He is going to cook eight times this week

A

Va a cocinar ocho veces esta semana

time - la vez. Note that vez expresses repetition, which tiempo and hora cannot

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25
# Translate to Spanish. I _sometimes_ go out at night
_A veces_ salgo de noche ## Footnote sometimes - *a veces*
26
# Translate to Spanish. Jaime isn't going to go to the party, but I'm going _anyway_
Jaime no va a ir a la fiesta, pero yo voy a ir _de todos modos_ ## Footnote anyway - *de todos modos*
27
# Translate to Spanish. You are going to go out with Sofia's boyfriend? _Really_?!
¿Vas a salir con el novio de Sofia? ¿_En serio_? ## Footnote really? (to express shock or surprise) - *¿de veras?, ¿en serio?*
28
# Translate to Spanish. I like traveling _from time to time_
Me gusta viajar _de vez en cuando_ ## Footnote from time to time - *de vez en cuando*
29
# Translate to Spanish. Do you know when they will _arrive_?
¿Sabes cuando van a _llegar_? ## Footnote to arrive - *llegar*. Note that *llegar* is conjugated like any regular -ar ending verb
30
# Translate to Spanish. Xavier and Alejandro will arrive in _one hour_
Xavier y Alejandro van a llegar en _una hora_ ## Footnote hour - *una hora*. Remember that *hora* means both "time" and "hour"
31
# Translate to Spanish. He arrives in five _minutes_
Llega en cinco _minutos_ ## Footnote minute - *el minuto*
32
# Translate to Spanish. It is the _first_ day of school
Es el _primer_ día de clases ## Footnote first - *primer, primero*. Note that *primero* becomes *primer* when preceding a singular, masculine noun
33
# Translate to Spanish. Jorge is going to be the first one to arrive at the _museum_
Jorge va a ser el primero en llegar al _museo_ ## Footnote museum - *el museo*. Note that the ordinal number must be followed by *en* (i.e. *Voy a ser el primero en comer, el primero en conducir,* etc.)
34
# Translate to Spanish. These are the first _weeks_ of school
Éstas son las primeras _semanas_ de clases ## Footnote week - *la semana*
35
# Translate to Spanish. _Sunday_ is the first day of the week
El _domingo_ es el primer día de la semana ## Footnote Sunday - *domingo*. Note that days of the week, like nationalities, are not capitalized in Spanish. Also note that in some Spanish-speaking countries, Monday is considered the first day of the week
36
# Translate to Spanish. Do you have a _clock_?
¿Tienes un _reloj_? ## Footnote clock - *el reloj*
37
# Translate to Spanish. It is the _second_ time that I cook this week
Es la _segunda_ vez que cocino esta semana ## Footnote second - *segundo*
38
# Translate to Spanish. _Monday_ is the second day of the week
El _lunes_ es el segundo día de la semana ## Footnote Monday - *lunes*
39
# Translate to Spanish. Which car is it? It's the _third_ one
¿Cuál carro es? Es el _tercero_ ## Footnote third - *tercer, tercero*. Note that *tercero* behaves just like *primero* in that it drops the *o* when it preceds a singular, masculine noun
40
# Translate to Spanish. _Tuesday_ is the third day of the week
El _martes_ es el tercer día de la semana ## Footnote Tuesday - *martes*
41
# Translate to Spanish. Rosa is happy because her boyfriend will arrive in _fourth_ place
Rosa está contenta porque su novio va a llegar en _cuarto_ lugar ## Footnote fourth - *cuarto*
42
# Translate to Spanish. _Wednesday_ is the fourth day of the week
El _miércoles_ es el cuarto día de la semana ## Footnote Wednesday - *miércoles*
43
# Translate to Spanish. I am the _fifth_ daughter in my family
Soy la _quinta_ hija en mi familia ## Footnote fifth - *quinto*
44
# Translate to Spanish. _Thursday_ is the fifth day of the week
El _jueves_ es el quinto día de la semana ## Footnote Thursday - *jueves*
45
# Translate to Spanish. This is the _sixth_ book that I have to read for that class
Este es el _sexto_ libro que tengo que leer para esa clase ## Footnote sixth - *sexto*
46
# Translate to Spanish. I am very happy because it is _Friday_
Estoy muy feliz porque es _viernes_ ## Footnote Friday - *viernes*
47
# Translate to Spanish. Can you believe that my aunt is going to have her _seventh_ son in only two weeks?
¿Puedes creer que mi tía va a tener a su _séptimo_ hijo en sólo dos semanas? ## Footnote seventh - *séptimo*
48
# Translate to Spanish. This _Saturday_ we are all going to Spain
Este _sábado_ vamos todos para España ## Footnote Saturday - *sábado*
49
# Translate to Spanish. Pamela, what are you going to do this _weekend_?
Pamela, ¿qué vas a hacer este _fin de semana_? ## Footnote weekend - *el fin de semana*
50
# Translate to Spanish. I am going to see my girlfriend _on Tuesday_
Voy a ver a mi novia _el martes_ ## Footnote Note that we use the definite article to denote days of the week (e.g. "on Tuesday" translates to *el martes*, not *\*en martes\**)
51
# Translate to Spanish. We play soccer on _Fridays_
Jugamos al fútbol _los viernes_ ## Footnote Note that we do not change the name of the week to make it plural (e.g. *los viernes*, not *\*los vierneses\**)
52
# Translate to Spanish. My father is the _eighth_ son in his family
Mi papá es el _octavo_ hijo en su familia ## Footnote eighth - *octavo*
53
# Translate to Spanish. I never _break_ anything, right mom?
Yo nunca _rompo_ nada, ¿verdad mamá? ## Footnote to break - *romper*
54
# Translate to Spanish. Isn't this the _ninth_ time that Irene breaks a glass?
¿No es ésta la _novena_ vez que Irene rompe un vaso? ## Footnote ninth - *noveno*
55
# Translate to Spanish. My brother is sad because he is in _tenth_ place
Mi hermano está triste porque está en _décimo_ lugar ## Footnote tenth - *décimo*
56
What are the ordinal numbers 1-10 (first, second, third, etc.) in Spanish?
primero, segundo, tercero, cuarto, quinto, sexto, séptimo, octavo, noveno, décimo ## Footnote In Spanish, although ordinal numbers do exist past "tenth", we usually just use the regular cardinal number for larger values. These ordinal numbers, *primero* through *décimo,* are the key ones to know
57
# Translate to Spanish. When is your birthday? My birthday is this _month_
¿Cuando es tu cumpleaños? Mi cumpleaños es este _mes_ ## Footnote month - *el mes*
58
# Translate to Spanish. In _January_ it is very cold in the United States
En _enero_ hace mucho frío en los Estados Unidos ## Footnote January - *enero*. Note that months, like days of the week and nationalities, are not capitalized in Spanish
59
# Translate to Spanish. Where Pedro lives, it always snows in _February_
Donde vive Pedro, siempre nieva en _febrero_ ## Footnote February - *febrero*
60
# Translate to Spanish. Of all the seasons, spring is my _favorite_ one
De todas las estaciones, la primavera es mi _favorita_ ## Footnote favorite - *favorito*. Note that unless replaced by other modifiers such as "each", a definite article must precede days and seasons
61
# Translate to Spanish. Ricardo is my parents' _preferred_ son
Ricardo es el hijo _preferido_ de mis padres ## Footnote preferred - *preferido*
62
# Translate to Spanish. My birthday is in _March_; that's why it is my favorite month
Mi cumpleaños es en _marzo_; por eso es mi mes favorito ## Footnote March - *marzo*
63
# Translate to Spanish. It is true, it always rains a lot in _April_
Es verdad, siempre llueve mucho en _abril_ ## Footnote April - *abril*
64
# Translate to Spanish. Mother's Day is in _May_; are you going to buy a gift for your mom?
El Día de las Madres es en _mayo_; ¿vas a comprar un regalo para tu mamá? ## Footnote May - *mayo*
65
# Translate to Spanish. I am happy because it is _June_. Summer is already going to begin
Estoy contento porque es _junio_. El verano ya va a empezar ## Footnote June - *junio*
66
# Translate to Spanish. I always go to the beach with my friends and family in _July_
Siempre voy a la playa con mis amigos y mi familia en _julio_ ## Footnote July - *julio*
67
# Translate to Spanish. In my grandparents' house in Mexico, it is always so hot in _August_
En la casa de mis abuelos en México, siempre hace tanto calor en _agosto_ ## Footnote August - *agosto*
68
# Translate to Spanish. Ana's favorite month is _September_ because her favorite season is the fall
El mes favorito de Ana es _septiembre_ porque su estación favorita es el otoño ## Footnote September - *septiembre*
69
# Translate to Spanish. Is it cold in _October_ where you live?
¿Hace frío en _octubre_ donde vives tú? ## Footnote October - *octubre*
70
# Translate to Spanish. Do you always _celebrate_ your birthday?
¿Siempre _celebras_ tu cumpleaños? ## Footnote to celebrate - *celebrar*. Note that *celebrar* is conjugated like any regular - ar ending verb
71
# Translate to Spanish. Oscar's _actions_ are always good
Las _acciones_ de Oscar siempre son buenas ## Footnote action - *la acción*
72
# Translate to Spanish. Are your families going to celebrate Thanksgiving in _November_?
¿Van a celebrar sus familias el Día de Acción de Gracias en _noviembre_? ## Footnote November - *noviembre*. Note that "Thanksgiving" is literally translated as "day of action of thanks"
73
# Translate to Spanish. What are you going to buy for _Christmas_?
¿Qué vas a comprar para _Navidad_? ## Footnote Christmas - *Navidad*
74
# Translate to Spanish. Is your family going to celebrate Christmas this _December_?
¿Va a celebrar tu familia Navidad este _diciembre_? ## Footnote December - *diciembre*
75
# Translate to Spanish. _Now_ I'm going to study with my friends for the exam
_Ahora_ voy a estudiar con mis amigos para el exámen ## Footnote now - *ahora*
76
# Translate to Spanish. Excuse me, but do you (ud) know what time is it?
_Perdón_, pero ¿sabe usted qué hora es? ## Footnote excuse me, sorry- perdón, lo siento. *Lo siento* is a bit more serious of an apology, and it literally means "I feel it"
77
# Translate to Spanish. I'm sorry, but I'm going to _be late_
Lo siento, pero voy a _llegar tarde_ ## Footnote to be late, to arrive late - *llegar tarde*
78
# Translate to Spanish. _Which_ game do you want to play?
¿_Cuál_ juego quieres jugar? ## Footnote which - *cuál*
79
# Translate to Spanish. What is _today's date_?
¿Cuál es _la fecha de hoy_? ## Footnote today's date - *la fecha de hoy*. Note that we usually use the word *cuál* ("which") rather than *qué* ("what") to ask about the date
80
# Translate to Spanish. It's the fifth of May
Es el cinco de mayo ## Footnote Note that for dates, we simply use the cardinal number (e.g., *cinco*) rather than the ordinal number (e.g. *quinto*)
81
# Translate to Spanish. _Next_ year I am going to be a good student
El _próximo_ año voy a ser un buen estudiante ## Footnote next - *próximo*. Note that *próximo* is one of the few adjectives that precedes the noun that it describes
82
# Translate to Spanish. _Someday_ I will be a teacher like my aunt Pati
_Algún día_ voy a ser maestra como mi tía Pati ## Footnote someday - *algún día*
83
# Translate to Spanish. _Somehow_ I am going to study for all of my tests and write all of my essays
_De alguna manera_ voy a estudiar para todos mis exámenes y voy a escribir todos mis ensayos ## Footnote somehow - *de alguna manera, de algún modo*
84
# Translate to Spanish. I can't find my books _anywhere_
No puedo encontrar mis libros _en ninguna parte_ ## Footnote nowhere, anywhere - *en ninguna parte*
85
# Translate to Spanish. There are _a million_ books in this library
Hay _un millón de_ libros en esta biblioteca ## Footnote a million - *un millón*. Note that, in Spanish, "million" is a noun and must be followed by the preposition *de* whenever it is used with another noun

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