2.2 Hormonal control Flashcards

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1
Q

Hypothalamus

A

releaser hormone released from here triggers puberty.

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2
Q

Proliferation of the endometrium is stimulated by

A

Oestrogen

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3
Q

High levels of oestrogen stimulate

A

surge in the release of LH.

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4
Q

stimulates the increased production of FSH by the pituitary.

A

Oestrogen

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5
Q

What triggers the start of menstruation?

A

Falling levels of progesterone

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6
Q

Degeneration of the corpus luteum is caused by low levels of

A

LH

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7
Q

FSH on males

A

Seminiferous tubules start to produce sperm.

FSH promotes sperm production

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8
Q

How is puberty initiated

A

The hypothalamus produces a releaser hormone.

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9
Q

Follicle phase

A

FSH stimulates the development of a follicle and the production of oestrogen by the follicle in the follicular phase.
Oestrogen stimulates proliferation of the endometrium preparing it for implantation, and affects the consistency of cervical mucus making it more easily penetrated by sperm. Peak levels of oestrogen stimulate a surge in the secretion of LH. This surge in LH triggers ovulation.

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10
Q

Ovulation

A

Ovulation is the release of an egg (ovum) from a follicle in the ovary. It usually occurs around the mid-point of the menstrual cycle.

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11
Q

Luteal phase

A

In the luteal phase the follicle develops into a corpus luteum which secretes progesterone. Progesterone promotes further development and vascularisation of the endometrium preparing it for implantation if fertilisation occurs.

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12
Q

Negative feedback effect of the ovarian hormones

A

The negative feedback effect of the ovarian hormones on the pituitary gland and the secretion of FSH and LH prevent further follicles from developing. The lack of LH leads to degeneration of the corpus luteum with a subsequent drop in progesterone levels leading to menstruation.

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13
Q

Menstrual cycle

A

The menstrual cycle takes approximately 28 days with the first day of menstruation regarded as day one of the cycle.

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