22 - Health Improvement Flashcards
What are the three domains of public health?
- Health Improvement
- Health protection
- Healthcare public health
What is the ‘left shift’ in population health?
Population strategies - moving some healthcare into the community/primary care setting so less strain on hospitals
What is the virtuous cycle of public health?
A complex chains of events that reinforce themselves through a feedback loop
What are the requirements for heath improvement?
- Resources
- Skills
- System Level Working (working together)
How can we understand health needs on a population level?
- Research
- Routine Data
- Health Needs Assessment
- Health equity audit
- Service improvement and evaluation
What is a logic model?
Logic models identify, describe and arrange the critical aspects of an intervention to represent how the intervention produces change
Give an example of an actual logic model used in the NHS.
What are some primordial and primary preventions for smoking?
- Laws
- Cost
- Packaging
What are some secondary preventions for smoking-related disease?
- Ask, Advice, Ask
- Screening
What are some population level screening programmes in the NHS?
What are some issues with evaluating the impact of health improvement initiatives?
- Might not predict certain outcomes so won’t measure them
- Some changes might take a long time to see
- Can be difficult to replicate findings from research studies into real world setting
What is lead time bias?
- Early diagnosis falsely appears to prolong survival
- Patients live same length of time but longer knowing they have the disease
What is length time bias?
- Screening programmes better at pick up slow growing less aggressive cases
- Diseases detectable through screening are more likely to have favourable diagnosis
What is social prescribing?
Who is often targeted in social prescribing?
What are some services available on social prescribing?
- Sports clubs
- Volunteering
- Religious groups
- Parks and outdoor spaces
- Community groups
What are the benefits of social prescribing?
- More holistic care
- Less GP appointments needed
- Clinicians can focus on medical issues
- More cost effective for GP practices
- Increases GP links with community services
What is the process of social prescribing?
What are some social presriptions for social isolation?
