22- evidence of evolution

Question 1

what is the best evidence of evolution?

Answer 1

Genetic evidence - the more closely related, the more genes they share

Question 2

what is a homologous structure?

Answer 2

ex. the bones in the forearms of tetrapod derive from a common ancestor
-human, dog, bird, whale

Question 3

what does divergent evolution mean?

Answer 3

the function of homologous structures may differ in different species

Question 4

the limbs of all tetrapods are considered…

Answer 4

homologous

Question 5

what are vestigial structures?

Answer 5

structures derived from a common ancestor, but that have no apparent function in some species

ex. pelvic bone and hind legs in snakes and whales

Question 6

what is an analogous structure?

Answer 6

birds and bats evolved wings due to selection pressure - similar structures but convergent

Question 7

what is convergent evolution? and how does it apply to analogous structures?

Answer 7

birds and bats evolved their wings and the ability to fly independently from each other due to similar selection pressures

Question 8

more examples of convergent evolution:

Answer 8

snow camouflage in arctic fox and ptarmigan

walrus, killer whale, and manatee having fins but not related to eachother