18 - history of evolution

Question 1

what did Plato and Aristotle believe about evolution?

Answer 1

species are fixed and unrelated

Animals are arranged from low to high complexity

Humans are at the top of the ladder

did not believe in evolution

Question 2

what did Carolus Linnaeus believe about evolution?

Answer 2

species should be named and organized based on their similarities

God created plant and animal species to perfectly match their environment

Did not believe in evolution

Question 3

what did George Cuvier believe about evolution?

Answer 3

earth goes through sudden changes or catastrophes that lead to the extinction of many species

new and better adapted species replace those that go extinct.

Question 4

what did James Hutton and Charles Lyell believe about evolution?

Answer 4

geological features on earth can be explained by gradual processes such as erosion and weathering

earth must be very old

Question 5

what did Jean Baptiste Lamarck believe about evolution

Answer 5

Organisms will change if they need to

a giraffe will adapt so it can reach leaves in tall trees

individuals change within their lifetime

Question 6

what did Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace believe about evolution?

Answer 6

all species on Earth have a common ancestor

If gradual processes have formed geologic features, gradual processes are likely to have formed the biological diversity as well

populations evolve through natural selection

individuals that possess traits that make them more successful will produce most offspring

Individuals with beneficial traits will be more common in the next generation