2.2 - Control and Communication Flashcards
The nervous system is comprised of
The CNS and other nerves
The central nervous system (CNS) consists of
The brain and the spinal cord
The brain contains
The cerebrum, cerebellum and medulla
The cerebrum controls
Conscious thought, intelligence, language
The cerebellum controls
Balance and co-ordination
The medulla controls
Unconscious control of body temp, heart and breathing rate, etc.
Neuron types are
Sensory, inter and motor
Receptors
Detect stimuli / sensory information
Electrical impulses
Carry messages along neurons
Synapses
Transfer messages between neurons by chemical messengers
Reflex actions are
Involuntary protective movements
The reflex arc pathway is
Receptor – sensory neuron – inter neuron – motor neuron – muscle
Endocrine glands
Release hormones into the bloodstream
Hormones are
Chemical messengers which carry messages to target tissues
Target tissues have cells with
Complementary receptors for a specific hormone
Blood glucose levels need to be
Controlled within safe limits (not too high and not too low)
Insulin is released when
The blood sugar rises above normal
Insulin causes
Liver and muscle cells to remove glucose from the blood
Glucagon is released when
The blood sugar falls lower than normal
Glucagon causes
Liver and muscle cells to release glucose into the blood
The pancreas
Is the endocrine gland which produces insulin and glucagon
