22 - Cardiovascular surgery

Question 1

Most common type of ASD?

Answer 1

Ostium secundum

Question 2

• congenital anomaly most commonly associated with coarctation of the Aorta?
• Enumerate (3) characteristics associated with this anomaly:

Answer 2

-bicuspid aortic valve

• aortic stenosis
• rib notching on CXR due to extensive collaterals
• decreased femoral pulses

Question 3

Identify: the only true surgical emergency among all congenital heart diseases?

Answer 3

Total anomalous pulmonary venous return

Question 4

• Identify: congenital heart disease characterized by discontinuity between the RA and the RV?
• Surgical treatment for this defect?

Answer 4

• tricuspid atresia

- Glenn shunt (SVC to pulmonary artery)

Question 5

Most common type of VSD?

Answer 5

Muscular VSD

Question 6

Enumerate (2) common sites of AV fistula formation (in order of descending preference)

Answer 6

1. Wrist primary AV fistula (radiocephalic)

2. Elbow primary AV fistula (brachiocephalic)