2.2 Berlin Crisis And Consequences

Question 1

When did JFK take office?

Answer 1

January 1961

Question 2

What was JFKs view on communism?

Answer 2

Promised an uncompromising attitude towards the soviet union and international communism

Question 3

What did Khrushchev think about Kennedy?

Answer 3

He was young and inexperienced, khrushchev though he could dominate him

Question 4

How fid Khrushchev react to JFK becoming president?

Answer 4

Reissued the ultimatum on berlin at the vienna conference in june 1961

Question 5

What was JFKs reaction to the ultimatum?

Answer 5

Refused to withdraw and increased defence spending in berlin.

Question 6

Why was berlin divided ?

Answer 6

Yalta conference of 1945, germany and its capital berlin were both divided into 4 zones

Question 7

When did the berlin wall go up?

Answer 7

13 august 1961

Question 8

How did the berlin wall go up?

Answer 8

Soviet authorities sealed east berlin, by constructing a huge barbed wire barrier. This was soon replaced by a concrete wall, complete with lookout towers and armed guards who had orders to shoot anyone trying to cross into the west

Question 9

Why was the berlin wall built?

Answer 9

• brain drain
• lure of west
• espionage

Question 10

why did the brain drain help the berlin wall be built?

Answer 10

Throughout the 50s thousands of east germans fled to the west through berlin , leaving harsh political climate and economic hardship of life under communism. Many of those who defected were educated or highly skilled workers from east germany, and they couldn’t afford to loose their best citzens

Question 11

How there lure of the west was a factor in the berlin wall going up?

Answer 11

During 50s easy to travel between east snd west. Better housing , shops full of goods and relative freedom:all provided by the west

Question 12

How espionage was a factor in the building of the berlin wall?

Answer 12

Berlin was a western island in a communist sea. An ideal place for america spies to gather intelligence on the soviet military.

Question 13

What was the US’ response to the berlin wall?

Answer 13

Alarmed by it , sending vice president LBJ and us general lucius D clay to berlin

Question 14

How long was the berlin wall?

Answer 14

27 miles

Question 15

What was the consequences of the berlin wall?

Answer 15

Stabilised relations. Usa condemned the building but took no further actions

• tensions at the wall, both sides backed down
• kennedy was relieved , he had been preparing for a confrontation.

Question 16

Was the berlin wall successful?

Answer 16

• wall succeeded in stopping mass immigration to west berlin . Also gave the east the opportunity to rebuild its economy , and strengthen itself as a communist state.
• berlin wall became a symbol of oppression and failure of communism. In the ussr it was shown as a sign of strength

Question 17

When was Kennedy’s ich ein berliner speech?

Answer 17

26 june 1963

Question 18

What was the ‘ich ein berliner speech?

Answer 18

JFK visited berlin and made a famous speech in which he stated berlin was a symbol of freedom and struggle against communism. It was a strong defiant message and put an end to soviet hopes that western allies would leave. Eats could hear the speech through the wall.