2.1.3 Leaf Defense Flashcards
What are Plant Secondary Metabolites (PSM’s) used for?
Defense
what are phytoalexins
inducible antifungals
what is alleopathy
the process by which one plant chemically inhibits another
what are thiophenes?
They are photo toxins
example of alleopathy
sage inhibits grass growth with camphor
what is a phytoalexin
a substance that is produced by plant tissues in response to contact with a parasite and that specifically inhibits the growth of that parasite.
what does passion flower defend itself with
cyanogenic glycosides
what did the passion flower try to defend itself against
Heliconid butterflies
What are the major secondary metabolites
phenolics, alkaloids, terpenoids
what are phenolics derived from
phenylalanine
what alkaloids derived from
amino acids
what are terpenoids derived from
mevalonate
what are the characteristics of secondary metabolites (3)
stored in glands and vacuoles
produced in large amounts
biologically active
define ethnobotany
study of traditional use of plants
what is artemisisn
antimalarial from Chinese plant
What is artemisinin
antimalarial plant extract
what is taxol
drug found in yew, used to treat breast and ovarian cancer, via inhibition of tubulin
uses of ginger, what is active in it
nausea, motion sickness
gingerols
what can feverfew do
it eliminates migraine symptoms
what can ginkgo help with
cognition
what can St. John’s wort help with
active principles
depression
hyperforin, hypericin
Valerian does what
improves sleep by increasing levels of GABA
what are neutraceuticals
foods containing phytochemical conferring health benefits
