2.1.2a Biological Elements Flashcards
Most common elements in the body (or all living organisms)
Carbon (C)
Hydrogen (H)
Oxygen (O)
Nitrogen (N)
Phosphorus (P) & Sulfur (S) also have important roles in cell biochemistry
What are carbohydrates made up of
Simple sugars like glucose
What are proteins made up of
amino acids
What are lipids made up of
3 fatty acids, 1 glycerol molecule
What is an atom
The smallest part of an element that can exist
What is a molecule
2 or more atoms that are physically bonded together
What is a compound
2 or more atoms chemically bonded together
What is an element
A substance whose atoms all have the same atomic number or number of protons
Role of phosphorus in the body
- makes up ATP molecules
- found in the DNA
Role of sulfur in the body
found abundantly in certain amino acids
Atomic number & mass number
ATOMIC (proton) NUMBER = bottom number
MASS NUMBER = top number
Bonding in atoms
Atoms connect to each other by bonding. When two or more atoms bond covalently, they create a molecule
The number of bonds formed for each atom depends on the number of electrons in the outer shell
What is a covalent bond
A covalent bond is the sharing of two or more electrons between two atoms.
See how to represent bonding between atoms in different ways
electron config, displayed formula, ball & stick model
Learn bonds between common molecules
on showbie, slide 9
